Nā ʻanuʻu moana

I kēia lā ua hele mai mākou e ʻōlelo e pili ana i kekahi ʻano iʻa i ka iʻa i maʻa iā mākou. ʻAʻole ia kahi iʻa a mākou e hele pū ai, akā ʻenepe kai. He holoholona invertebrate ia no ka lihi o ka poriferous. Noho wale lākou i nā wahi kai a ʻaʻole hōʻike i kekahi ʻano neʻe. E like me ka inoa o ka inoa, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe o ka huahuakai, akā ke ola nei. Aia ia i waena o nā holoholona maʻalahi loa ma ke kaulahao evolutionary, no ka mea ʻaʻohe o lākou mau ʻaʻa maoli.

Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻaoʻao āpau o nā ʻāpana kai? Inā hoʻomau ʻoe i ka heluhelu, ʻike ʻoe i ka hoihoi o kēia mau holoholona 🙂

Nā kuhikuhi nui

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, he ʻano maʻalahi nā ʻōnohu o ke kai. He holoholona kēia na mai hōʻike i kekahi ʻano symmetry. ʻAʻole kūlike ko lākou kino, ʻoiai ke hōʻike nei kekahi mau ʻano i ka symmetry radial. ʻO ke ʻano nui a ʻo ia ka mea e hāʻawi i kona inoa i ka lihi poriferous ʻo ia nā kino i hana ʻia e nā pores a me nā kahawai e hele ai ka wai a, i kēia ala, loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai a me ka oxygen.

Ma ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pūnaewele kikoʻī, nui ka nui o nā ʻōnopa totipotent i nā ʻeneke kai. Hiki i kēia mau pūnaewele ke lilo i ʻano keʻa e pono ai ka holoholona i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO kēia hiki ke hoʻohana i kēia mau holoholona i ka maka i nā ʻano hanana. He mana hou ko lākou a hiki i kēlā mau manawa ke hālāwai ʻoe me nā pohō nui o ke kino.

ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka sponges o nā ʻano loli hiki ke loli nui, he ʻano like ko lākou āpau. He puka nui ko lākou āpau ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ko lākou kino i ʻike ʻia he osculum. Ma loko o kēia lua kahi e puka ai ka wai e hoʻopuni i loko o ka huahu. Piha nā paia o kou kino i nā pores o nā nui like ʻole. Ma o kēia mau pores e komo ai ka wai a komo ka kānana.

ʻAno o ke kikoʻī kū hoʻokahi i nā ʻenepe kai ʻo ia nā choanocytes. Hana ʻia kēia pūnaewele i ka kānana. ʻO ke kānana ke kaʻina e loaʻa ai ka ʻōpala i ka meaʻai. He flagellum ko nā hunaola a me kekahi mau microvilli e hoʻopuni iā ​​ia a ʻo ia ke kumu e komo ai nā kahawai liʻiliʻi i loko o ka wai e komo ai i ka puna.

Laulā a me kahi e noho ai

I loko nō o ka ʻike ʻia o nā ʻohana āpau i nā holoholona invertebrate, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa. I ke alo ʻana i nā kūlana i nā holoholona hiki ʻole ke paʻi a ola, hana ʻo ia iā ia i mea ola maoli. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomanawanui i ka haumia o ka wai e nā hydrocarbons maikaʻi, nā metala a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe.

Heʻuʻuku kā lākou mau mea ʻai kūlohelohe mahalo i ko lākou iwi iwi iwi a me ko lākou mea ʻino nui. ʻO kēia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahuakai i ka moana a me ka moana āpau o ka honua. ʻO nā pūnaewele kaulana loa no ka nui o nā ʻanepo i hopu ʻia i ka XNUMX kenekulia paha ka Hikina Waena o ke Kaiwaenahonua, ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Mekiko, ka Caribbean a me nā kai a puni ʻo Iapana.

I ke ʻano o ka nohona, he holoholona invertebrate sessile. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ko lākou noho paʻa ʻana i ke kai a mai neʻe i luna. Hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā hohonu hohonu, ʻoiai hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā wahi papa ʻoi aku ka nui. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e makemake i nā wahi i kahi o ka ikaika ʻole o ka lā.

Ke hānai ʻana i nā ʻōpala o ke kai

ʻO ka meaʻai nui o kēia mau holoholona nā ʻāpana meaola liʻiliʻi loa i loaʻa i ke kai a mālama lākou i ka kānana ma o kā lākou mau pores. Akā naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hānai i ka plankton a me nā bacteria liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kekahi mau ʻōpala ke hoʻokumu i kahi simbiosis me nā koʻohune a i ʻole nā ​​meaola hoʻokahi ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi kēia pilina iā lākou i nā keu pono e like me ke komo ʻana i nā mea meaola.

Aia kekahi mau holoholona ma ka moʻo kai kahi e pili ai kāu pilina. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia ʻano pilina e lanakila nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua me ka pono o kekahi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hana ʻia kēia mau pilina i loko o kekahi mau invertebrates a iʻa paha e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻanuʻu kai ma ke ʻano he puʻuhonua e peʻe ai mai nā mea ʻino nui ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kekahi mau invertebrates ke lilo i loko o ia mau mea a kōkua iā lākou e neʻe a puni ka camouflaging iā lākou iho. He laʻana akaka kēia o ka pilina pili.

Hoʻopili

Inā he mau mea sessile lākou me ka ʻole o ka neʻe a me ka ʻole o ka symmetry, pehea lākou e hoʻohua ai? A laila Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohua i ka asexually a me ka moekolohe. Mahalo ka mea mua i nā hunaola totipotent a mākou i ʻike ai ma mua. Hoʻololi ia iā lākou e hoʻololi i nā hunaola kūpono no ka hana hou. ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua o ka hana hou asexual e ka budding. Hiki i kekahi ʻano laha wai hou ke hana i kēia me ka gemulation.

Ma muli o ka hapa ʻole o nā ʻanuʻu i kekahi mau lālā loea no ka hana, nele pū lākou i nā kino moekolohe. Hiki i kēia mea ke lilo i pilikia ke hiki mai i ka hōʻike hou. Eia nō naʻe, hermaphrodites ka hapa nui o nā kānaka. Pono lākou i ka fertilization kea i mea e hoʻohua pono ai. Hoʻolālā nā sperm a me nā hua mai nā choanocytes. Kipaku ʻia kēia mau mea i waho a ma laila kahi e hui ai ma waena o ʻelua mau hunaola. No laila, 'ōlelo mākou no ka hoʻouluʻana i waho.

Kū pololei ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻōpala. Ma hope o kā lākou hoʻomohala, hele lākou i nā pae larval ma mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi kanaka makua. ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano larva ʻehā e kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha.

ʻIke o nā ʻanepo kai

ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e noʻonoʻo ʻia, synthesize nā ʻanohu o ke kai i kekahi mau mea ʻona a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau ʻaloʻalo e mālama aku i kā lākou mea ʻino. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻohana ʻia nā waiwai i kūʻē ʻia i kekahi o nā maʻi maʻamau i ko mākou kaiāulu.

Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi i ka pilina me nā kānaka ma muli o kā lākou pono e mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe pilikino. I kēia manawa, kāohi ʻia ke kūʻai a kūʻai aku ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu no ka hoʻohana pilikino ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia o ko lākou lehulehu.

Me kēia ʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona mua.