ʻO Clownfish

I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi iʻa i ʻike nui ʻia a kaulana a puni ka honua. Ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Amphiprion ocellaris, e ʻike mākou ka iʻa clown. Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia ʻo ia no kāna mau kaha keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻalani a no ka lilo ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni «E ʻimi ana iā Nemo".

Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia iʻa?

Hoʻokaʻawale a me nā ʻano o ka clownfish

ʻO ka clownfish no ke kauoha ʻo Perciformes, ka ʻohana Pomacentridae a me ka subfamily Amphiprioninae. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ka Iʻa Anemone. ʻO kēia inoa ʻelua ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i mea e ola ai i nā wahi kūlohelohe, pono e hana pū me nā anemone.

Ua loaʻa i kēia manawa 30 mau ʻano like ʻole o ka clownfish a ʻo nā ʻano āpau i pili i ka ʻohana Pomacentridae i kapa ʻia ʻo Anemone Fish ma muli o kā lākou simbiosis.

Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o kēia iʻa ma waena o 10 a 18 kenimika. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. ʻAʻole like nā kala i nā iʻa clown āpau a me nā kāwili ʻokoʻa i loko o ka ʻalani a me ke keʻokeʻo, akā nui nā kala e like me ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, a pink a me nā leo ʻeleʻele.

Māhele ʻia ke kala o kēia iʻa i ʻekolu mau kaha i hoʻomaka mai ke poʻo. ʻEleʻele ka lihi o nā peʻa.

Ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā anemone a me ka hana pū ʻana e ola ai, ua ulu ka clownfish i ka ʻili e paʻa ana nā hunaola uhi ʻia e kahi papa o ka mucus Kōkua kēia wāwae iā lākou e pale aku iā lākou mai ka lāʻau make o ka anemone.

Hiki ke kali ke ola ma ka mokuʻāina kūlohelohe ma waena o 5 a 10 mau makahiki.

Noho a me ka meaʻai

Aia ka pae kūlohelohe o ka clownfish i ka Pākīpika a me Ke Kai ʻInikia. ʻIke ʻia ia ma ka Australian Great Barrier Reef a ma ke Kaiʻula. Hoʻolahalaha pinepine ʻia lākou a puni kēia mau wahi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e pono i kahi hohonu a nānā lākou i nā ʻākoʻakoʻa hohonu ʻole a kahi e loaʻa ai nā anemones.

Nānā ʻo Clownfish i nā anemone no ka mea ua hoʻokūpaʻa lākou iā lākou iho ma o ka evolution he pilina o ka mutualism. ʻO ia, kahi pilina symbiotic kahi e lanakila ai nā ʻano ʻelua. Aia i ka laha o ka clownfish a mākou e hui ai, loaʻa iā lākou kahi makemake a i ʻole no kekahi mau ʻano anemone.

Loaʻa kēia mau iʻa i nā tentacles o anemones, no ka mea he mea maikaʻi ia no lākou e pale iā lākou iho a ola. He ʻawahia nā tentacles o anemones a, ke hoʻomohala i kahi mucosa e pale aku iā lākou mai kā lākou mea make, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopili ʻia. E hoʻomaikaʻi aku i nā anemone no ko lākou pale ʻana, mālama ka clownfish i ka ʻai ʻana i nā parasites, nā limu e hiki ai ke hōʻeha iā ia a me nā koena i hiki ke waiho i kāna mau tentacles ma hope o ka hānai ʻana. Eia hou, manaʻo ka ʻōpala fecal o ka clownfish i kahi hāʻawi keu o nā meaola no ka anemone.

ʻAʻole ʻike nui ʻia e pili ana i ka momona e pale ai i ka clownfish mai ka hopena o ka lāʻau make o ka anemone, akā ʻike ʻia ʻo kekahi o kāna ʻano nui ka nele o kahi mea e hana ai. hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka hana a nā nematocysts.

ʻAʻole kēia ka hihia mau. Ke hānau a ulu a ulu, hoʻomohala lākou i ka mucosa a lilo i pale i nā toxins o ka anemone a hoʻopili i ka ʻāina. Eia kekahi, no ka pilina e hoʻokumu ʻia, pono e ʻau ka iʻa me ka mālie ma o ka anemone ma ke ʻano he hulahula, i maʻa ka anemone iā ia a ʻaʻole hoʻāʻo e ʻū mau.

ʻO ka hānai ʻana o kēia iʻa he omnivorous. ʻAi lākou i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole o nā ʻano like iki mollusks, limu, zooplankton a me nā crustacean. Ke pale nei i ka ʻona o nā anemones, he nui nā clownfish ʻai i nā ʻāpana o ka tentacle i hoʻokahe ʻia mai nā anemones.

ʻAno lawehala

ʻO ka clownfish he teritori a hakakā ʻole. No laila, i ka nui hiki iā ia ke pale i ka anemone i ka pilina mutualistic. I ke kaiāulu, noho ka clownfish i kahi hierarchy kahi wahine nui a ʻoi loa ka haku. Inā make ka wahine wahine nui, pani ke kāne nui iā ia ma ka loli ʻana i ka moekolohe.

ʻO kēia mau iʻa he monogamous ia, no laila ʻo nā mea wale nō e hānau hou ke kāne a wahine hoʻi. Ke hoʻololi ke kāne i ka wahine i ka wahine no ka make ʻana o ka wahine, hana ka lua o nā kāne ma ke ʻano he reproducer hou.

Hoʻopili

ʻO ka clownfish he oviparous, ʻo ia hoʻi, hānau ʻia ma o nā hua. ʻO ka hoʻouluulu ma waena o ka wahine nui a ʻo ke kāne nui a kūwaho hoʻi. Hoʻokuʻu lāua i kā lāua mau gametes i ke kaiapuni kahi e hoʻokō ʻia ai ka momona.

Palekana loa ka hana hou ʻana i nā mahana. Inā piʻi ka mahana o ka wai, hoʻomaka lākou e hana hou. ʻOiai he iʻa lākou mai ka wai tropical a ʻoi aku lākou a i ʻole ʻoi aku ma ke ana wela i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, hanau hou lākou i loko o ka makahiki.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hana hoʻomomona, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kāne a hoʻomākaukau i kahi kokoke i ka anemone i hiki i ka wahine ke waiho i nā hua ma hope. Ke waiho ka wahine i nā hua, kuleana ke kāne no ka pīpī ʻana i kāna sperm ma luna o lākou e hoʻomomona ia. I ka wā o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, kuleana ke kāne no ka oxygenating ʻana i nā hua manu ma ke kahe ʻana i nā lola kokoke iā lākou e hana i nā kahe. Inā ʻaʻole maikaʻi kahi hua manu, lawe ke kāne iā lākou. No ka pale ʻana iā lākou i ka wā o ka incubation, lilo ka iʻa kāne kāne i mea kūʻē kūʻē i nā mea komo hewa.

Mālama a me ka hoʻokaulike

Inā makemake mākou e loaʻa kahi clownfish i kā mākou aquarium pono mākou e hoʻokō i kekahi mau koi no ka mālama pono ʻana i kāna wahi noho. Kēia iʻa pono lākou i 75 liters o ka wai no kēlā me kēia kikoʻī e noho maikaʻi a me ka wai, ʻo ka iʻa o ke kumu tropical, pono e mālama ʻia ma waena o 24 a me 27 kekelē o ke ana wela.

E pili ana i ka hoʻonaninani ʻana o ka aquarium, he mea nui ia i kēlā me kēia iʻa he anemone ponoʻī e hiki ke noho pū me ia. Ke hakakā nei a me ka teritori e hakakā lākou me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe no kā lākou anemone. He mea nui ka waiho ʻana i nā ʻākoʻako, e like me ka mālama ʻana o nā iʻa clown i nā ʻākoʻakoʻa.

E hoʻomanaʻo he kaiāulu kēia mau iʻa a ʻaʻole lākou e launa me nā iʻa ʻē aʻe o ka laha like. ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e loaʻa i kahi iʻa clown ke ʻole ʻoe i nā aquarium o 300 a me 500 liters o ka wai, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻokumu i kahi hierarchy.

ʻAi lohi ka lawaiʻa iʻa, no laila ʻaʻole pono e waiho iā lākou me nā iʻa kolo ʻē aʻe a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o lākou. ʻO ka mea kūpono e kau iā lākou me nā ʻano e pili hou aku iā lākou e like me ʻO Damsels, Maidens, Angels, Gobies, Blennies, Surgeonfish, a me Gramma Loretos.

Nā maʻi a me nā kumukūʻai

Hiki i ka Clownfish ke ʻeha i nā maʻi maʻamau o nā iʻa kai e like me tuberculosis, cyst, worm, velvet, keʻokeʻo kiko a me nā maʻi bacteria.

I pale aku i kā mākou iʻa mai maʻi, pono mau mākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka aquarium, hoʻololi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kānana, mālama pono i ka mahana, nā koena limu maʻemaʻe a inā make kekahi iʻa, hemo koke ia. He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e loaʻa kahi aquarium haukapila no ka wā e hōʻike ai kahi iʻa i kahi maʻi, hemo a mālama iā ia ma laila.

No nā kumukūʻai, loli lākou i ka waihoʻoluʻu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā lākou ma waena o 16 a me 26 euro ke kope.

I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i kahi mea hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia iʻa makamae a pehea e mālama ai i ke olakino i kāu pahu iʻa.