Nā meaola kai Pelagic a me benthic

ʻO ke kai a me ka moana ʻelua, me ke kanalua ʻole, kekahi o nā kumuwaiwai momona loa, ma nā ʻano meaola, ma ka honua Honua. ʻO nā hale i loko he lehulehu o nā malihini kipa e hoʻolilo iā lākou i wahi hoihoi. ʻO nā mea hoʻokipa ʻokoʻa, ʻano ʻokoʻa, i ko lākou ʻano, ka nui, ke kala, nā ʻano, nā ʻano o ka hānai ʻana, a pēlā aku.

ʻIke loa, kūlike ʻole nā ​​kaiaolaola wai i kēlā me kēia. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa ko lākou ʻano, e hoʻopili ai, i ke ʻano kikoʻī, kā lākou hiki ke noho ʻia ʻaʻole paha.

ʻO ke kumu kūpono, ʻaʻole like ke ʻano o ka nohona ma nā wai pāpaʻu a i ʻole kokoke i ke kapakai. Ma laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālamalama, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻololi o ka mahana, a ʻoi aku ka pinepine a me ka weliweli nā kahe a me nā neʻe o ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, i ko mākou iho ʻana i loko o ka hohonu, ʻike mākou i kahi kiʻi ʻokoʻa loa. No kēia kumu, ʻokoʻa loa nā mea ola e pili ana i ka wahi o ke kai a i ʻole ke kai e hoʻomohala ai lākou i ko lākou ola.

Ma aneʻi e hiki ai i ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo ke ʻike ʻole ʻia e mākou ke ʻikea. pelagic y benthic.

Pelagic a me ka benthic

Pili ʻo Pelagic i ka ʻāpana o ke kai ma luna aʻe o ka ʻāpana pelagic. ʻO ia, i ke kolamu o ka wai i kū ʻole ma ka papa ʻaina a i ʻole ka pā, akā kokoke ia. ʻO ke kiko o ka wai i ʻole kahi hohonu hohonu. No kāna ʻāpana, ʻo benthic ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Pili ia i nā mea āpau pili i ke kai a me ka papakū.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, nā mea ola wai, i waena o nā iʻa, ʻokoʻa i ʻohana nui ʻelua: meaola pelagic y meaola benthic.

Ma hope, hele mākou e wehewehe i kēlā me kēia o lākou:

Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā meaola pelagic

Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou i nā meaola pelagic, ke kuhikuhi nei mākou i kēlā ʻano laha i noho nā wai waena o nā moana a me nā kai, a i ʻole kokoke i ka ʻili. No laila, maopopo leʻa kēia ʻano ʻano mea ola wai e hoʻokau loa i ka pilina me nā wahi o ka hohonu.

Hoʻolahalaha ʻia lākou i nā wahi mālamalama maikaʻi, mai ka ʻilikai ponoʻī a 200 mau mika ka hohonu. ʻIke ʻia kēia papa ʻāpana phiotic.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o kēia mau meaola āpau ka lawaiʻa kaulike ʻole.

Aia he ʻano nui ʻelua o nā meaola pelagic: nekton, plakton a me neuston.

Nekona

I loko o laila he iʻa, honu, cetacean, cephalopods, etc. Nā meaola, mahalo i kā lākou neʻe ʻana, hiki ke pale i nā au kai ikaika.

ʻO Plakton

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou, ma ke kumu, ma ka loaʻa ʻana o nā liʻiliʻi, i kekahi manawa microscopic. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻano o nā mea kanu (phytoplankton) a i ʻole ka ʻano holoholona (zooplankton). Minamina, kēia mau meaola, ma muli o kā lākou anatomy, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻi i nā ʻale o ke kai, no laila kauō ʻia lākou e lākou.

neuston

ʻO lākou kēlā mau mea ola i hana i ka kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o ka wai i ko lākou home.

Iʻa Pelagic

Inā mākou e nānā i ka hui e hana i nā iʻa pelagic e like me ia, hiki iā mākou ke hana i kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe, e moe ana, ma ke ala like, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i nā wahi wai e noho ai lākou.

Nā pelagics kahakai

ʻO nā meaola pelagic Coastal ka iʻa liʻiliʻi e noho ana i nā kula nui e neʻe a puni ka papa ʻaina a kokoke i ka papa. ʻO kahi laʻana o kēia mau holoholona e like me ka heleuma a i ʻole sardine.

Nā pelagic Oceanic                          

Aia i loko o kēia hui nā ʻano waena a me nā ʻano nui e neʻe e neʻe. Loaʻa nā ʻano āpau o lākou āpau, nā anatomical a me nā physiological, like loa me nā ʻohana pili kai, ʻoiai ʻokoʻa kā lākou ʻano hānai.

Me ka ulu wikiwiki a me ka momona nui, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka lehulehu o kā lākou lehulehu, e hoʻolohi ana i kā lākou ulu. Loaʻa kēia ma muli o ke kumu o ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana.

ʻO nā iʻa e like me ka tuna a me ka bonito nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā meaola pelagic moana.

Synonym no nā meaola pelagic

ʻOiai ʻo ka huaʻōlelo pelagic e pili ana i kekahi wahi o ke kai a me ka moana, kupu pū kekahi huaʻōlelo e hoʻohana ʻia e ʻōlelo iā ia i kona kūlana ʻoiai "abyssal". A no laila, ma ke ʻano like a mākou e kuhikuhi ai i nā meaola pelagic a me nā iʻa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo iā lākou ma ke ʻano nā iʻa a i ʻole nā ​​meaola abyssal.

Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā meaola benthic

ʻO nā meaola Benthic nā mea i noho ma ka kaiaola ecosystems kāʻei kua, ʻaʻole like me nā meaola pelagic.

I kēia mau wahi o ka moana kai kahi e nānā ai ka mālamalama a me ka mālamalama i kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻae, ʻike mākou i nā mea hana mua benthic mīkini paʻi photosynthesizers (hiki ke hana i kā lākou meaʻai iho).

Ua bapetizo ʻia i loko o ka aphotic kāʻei kua, nele i ka mālamalama a kū i ka hohonu hohonu, aia ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaola, i hilinaʻi ʻia i nā koina a me nā microorganism e huki mai ana ka umekaumaha mai nā pae wai ʻoi loa e hānai iā lākou iho.

ʻO kahi hihia kūikawā he bacteria, ma ka lima hoʻokahi kemimokimo a ma kahi ʻē aʻe symbiotic (Pili lākou i nā meaola ʻē aʻe), aia i loko o nā wahi e like me ka weliweli e like me kekahi mau kiko o nā kualono waena moana.

I ka nānā mua ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i ka mea i luna, ʻaʻole kamaʻāina loa kākou i nā meaola benthic. ʻAʻohe mea i mamao aʻe mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Aia kekahi ʻano e pili pū me lākou i kaulana loa a ʻike ʻia e nā mea āpau. nā ʻākoʻakoʻa.

Me ke kanalua ʻole, ʻo nā koʻa kai kekahi o nā mea waiwai nui o ka honua makuahine. Eia nō naʻe, a eia naʻe, ʻo lākou ka mea hoʻoweliweli pū kekahi. Ke pepehi nei kekahi o nā lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, kekahi manawa unorthodox loa. ʻLelo mākou, no ka laʻana, o nā upena trawl, ʻo ia ke kumu o nā pilikia kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi.

ʻO nā mea ola ʻē aʻe he ʻāpana o ka ʻohana benthic nui. Kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka echinod germ (nā hōkū a me nā kahiki kai), ka pleuronectiform (soles and the like), ka cephalopods (heʻe a me cuttlefish), ka bivalves y nā mollusks a me kekahi mau ʻano o limu.

Iʻa Benthic

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ma loko o nā meaola benthic ʻike mākou i kēlā mau ʻano iʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me "peluronectiform", no ke ʻano o ka iʻa flounder, nā moa a me ka poho.

ʻAtikala pili:

Roosterfish

Kuhi ʻia kēia mau iʻa e ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻano moʻomeheu ʻano ʻē. Koi ʻia kona kino ma hope, kaha kiʻi ʻia a kinona pālahalaha, haʻalele ʻole i kekahi i ka nānā ʻole. ʻO ka palai, loaʻa iā lākou kahi symmetry ʻaoʻao, me ka maka ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. ʻO kahi symmetry pili e nalo i ka wā e ulu ana. ʻO nā mākua, e hoʻomaha ana ma kekahi o ko lākou ʻaoʻao, he kino pālahalaha a hoʻonohonoho ʻia kekahi ma ka ʻaoʻao luna.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai iʻa kikokiko a me nā mea ʻai, nona nā kiʻi i lawe ʻia ma o ke ʻano stalking.

ʻO nā laha maʻamau, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka culinary a me ka lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, ʻo ia ka kapu a me ka pākēneki.

Synonym o nā meaola benthic

Inā mākou e loiloi i nā puke ʻepekema ʻokoʻa i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka taxonomy a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ke aupuni holoholona, ​​loaʻa paha iā mākou nā meaola a me ka benthic me "Bentos" o "Kahikina".

He ao kupaianaha ka kūlohelohe, a he kūpono i nā kaiaolaola wai kahi mokuna ʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā meaola pelagic a me nā benthic kekahi mea paʻakikī a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. Hōʻailona kēia loiloi liʻiliʻi, i nā paʻi ākea, nā kikoʻī i hoʻokaʻawale i kekahi i kekahi.