ancistrus

ancistrus ndiye mtundu wa nsomba zamadzi amchere zomwe zimakhala zabanjali Loricariidae kuchokera ku dongosolo la ma Siluriformes. Awa ndi nsomba zomwe zimatsutsana ndi ndalama za aquarium. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a morphological omwe, ngakhale poyamba samakopa chidwi, amadzakhala mfumu yazikhalidwe zaku aquarium.

Ili ndizosowa komanso gulu lalikulu la mitundu yomwe imapangitsa kudziwika bwino. Kodi mukufuna kudziwa mtundu uwu wa nsomba mwakuya? Apa tikukuwuzani biology yawo yonse ndi chisamaliro chofunikira kuti muzisamalira.

Makhalidwe apamwamba

Ndizowona kuti monga nsomba zam'madzi za aquarium, malo awo amakhala osungidwa alireza. Komabe, ma ancistrus ndi anzawo abwino. Imodzi mwanjira zabwino kwambiri ngati tikufuna kupulumutsa thanki yathu ya nsomba. Mwambiri, malo otsika kwambiri komanso obisika kwambiri m'nyanjayi ndiomwe ali osauka kwambiri komanso omvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Komabe, nsombazi ndizoyenera kuyenda m'malowa ndikuwonjezera kukongola kwa aquarium.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti thupi lake lonse yokutidwa ndi mafupa mbale, kupatula m'mimba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zapadera, chifukwa palibe mtundu wina wa nsomba womwe uli ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Ili ndi chikho chokoka chomwe chimatha kutsatira zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsa ntchito kuyamwa chakudya kapena kuchotsa mapadi kuchokera nkhuni zomwe zapezeka.

Ponena za kukula kwake, amuna nthawi zambiri amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Kumbali inayi, akazi amangopeza 10 cm. Kupatula kukula, amuna ndi akazi ali ndi kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu. Nyani wamwamuna amakhala ndi zotchinga zina pamwamba pake. Amatchedwa odontoids. Komabe, mwa akazi mulibe mtundu woterewu. Pali mitundu ina yazimayi yomwe imakhala ndi ziwonetsero, koma ili m'mphepete mwa mphuno. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwawo ndikocheperako poyerekeza ndi kwamphongo.

Malo ndi malo ogawa

Nsombazi zimachokera ku beseni la Amazon komanso m'mitsinje yosiyana yaku South America. Malo ake okonda ndi mtsinje womwe umakhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Maderawa ali ndi ndere zambiri zomwe zimapanga photosynthesis motero, zimakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Koma amakhalanso ndi madera okhala ndi zinthu zambiri zowononga.

M'madera omwe nsombazi zimakhala, pamakhala utani wamphamvu. Ngakhale sizodziwika kawirikawiri, pali mitundu ina yamtunduwu yomwe imakonda madzi oyera.

Aquarium yabwino

Kuti nsomba izi zizikhala bwino, aquarium iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ena. Chinthu choyamba kuganizira ndi kukula kwa thankiyo. Ziyenera kukhala chiyani zazikulu zokwanira kusunga malita 80 a madzi kope lililonse. Ngati voliyumu ndiyocheperako, sichitha kukula kwathunthu kapena kuwonetsa machitidwe ake.

Mitunduyi ndi yamadera ambiri, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti nyanja yam'madzi imafotokozera madera omwe nsomba zidzakhale. Malo obisalira amafunikira onse kwa iwo ndi mitundu ina. Mwanjira imeneyi atha kupanga madera osiyanasiyana amchere a aquarium momwe angafunikire.

Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi ancistrus kapena kupitilira apo, aquarium iyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti pasamenyane pakati pa amuna ndipo aliyense amalemba gawo lake. Kujambula bwino kumafunikira kuti aquarium ikhale ndi mafunde opitilira komanso mpweya wabwino. Mwanjira imeneyi, malo achilengedwe a ancistrus amatha kukhazikitsidwanso bwino.

Monga tanena kale, ancistrus imayamwa mapadi kuchokera m'nkhalango. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mulinso nkhuni mu thanki ya nsomba.

Ponena za gawo lapansi, ndibwino kukhala owonda kwambiri kuti mupewe mabala. Muyenera kuganiza kuti nsombazi zikuyenda mozungulira pansi pa thankiyo. Chifukwa cha izi, kugundana ndi m'mbali mwa miyala kumatha kuwavulaza.

Fyuluta iyenera kupirira katundu wolemera wa zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nsomba. Momwemonso, mtundu wa kusefera kwakukulu.

Zomera mu aquarium

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti aquarium ibzalidwe ndi zitsamba zoyambirira. Nsombazi zimatha kukhala zazikulu kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuthyola zimayambira zonse kapena kuzidya. The ancistrus amawononga malo onse omwe amadutsa. Izi zimatithandiza kudziwa kuti sitiyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zokulirapo kapena zomera zomwe zingasokoneze kayendedwe ka madzi.

Kwa nsomba izi amakonda malo amdima. Lingaliro labwino lodzala ndi kukhala ndi masamba ena otambalala ngati anubias, echinodorus, ndi cryptocoryne. Izi zidzakupatsani malo amdima kuti mubisala ndikukhazikitsa gawo.

Chakudya

Zosowa zake ndizosavuta kusamalira. Itha kudyetsedwa ndi mapiritsi ena azamalonda, ngakhale kuli bwino kuwapatsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana za zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Monga nthawi zonse, zachilengedwe ndizabwinoko kuposa zopangira. Ngati tidyetsa moyenera komanso moyenera, ma ancistrus athu amakula ndi mtundu wokongola komanso thanzi labwino.

Tikakhala ndi ana, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto ndi kudyetsa. Poterepa, mwachangu amadyetsanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Amatha kupatsidwa chakudya chosazizira komanso chamoyo kuti azidya kwambiri mapuloteni.

Kubalana

Kuswana nsomba izi ukapolo ndikosavuta. Amunawo ndi omwe amayang'anira ntchito yosamalira ana atagona zazikazi. Thumba lawo la yolk litasweka ndipo amatha kukhala paokha, yamphongo imasiya kuwasamalira.

Kuti akazi azitha kubala zipatso zochulukirapo ndipo ndi mtundu wabwino tiyenera kupita ndi ancistrus ku aquarium yapadera. Madzi a m'nyanjayi ayenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 120 ndikukhala ndi nkhuni zambiri. Kuti awapulumutse, aikeni m'malo ogona momwe akumvera kukhazikika.

Ngati ifenso ma aquariums akulu opitilira 300 malita amadzi tikhoza kusunga amuna awiri ndi wamkazi mmodzi kapena angapo. Chifukwa chake, wamwamuna aliyense amasankha ndikulemba mbali imodzi ya aquarium ngati gawo. Yaikazi imatha kuikira mazira ndi amuna onse ndipo imakhala ndi ndodo zingapo nthawi imodzi.

Ndi izi mutha kukhala ndi ancistrus anu bwino.