Nhasi tichataura nezvemhando inozivikanwa uye inozivikanwa yemarudzi ehove pasirese. Sayenzi zita Amphiprion ocellaris, isu tichazoziva hove yeclown. Iye anonzwisisika zviri nyore nekuda kwemavara ake machena uye eorenji uye nekuve mufirimu ye «Kutsvaga Nemo".
Iwe unoda kuziva zvese nezve hove iyi?
Kupatsanura uye hunhu hweye clownfish
Iyo clownfish ndeyekurongeka Perciformes, mhuri Pomacentridae uye iyo subfamily Amphiprioninae. Iyo inozivikanwa zvakare seye Anemone Hove. Iri zita rechipiri rakakonzerwa nenyaya yekuti, kuti irarame munzvimbo dzechisikigo, inoda kushanda pamwe nema anemone.
Vakawanikwa Parizvino makumi matatu emhando dzakasiyana dze clownfish uye zvese zvipenyu zviri zvemhuri yePomacentridae zvinodaidzwa kunzi Anemone Hove nekuda kwekudyidzana kwavo.
Ihove idzi dzine hurefu hwe pakati pegumi nemakumi mashanu neshanu sentimita. Hadzi dzakakura kudarika dzevanhurume. Haasi ese ehove dzeclown dzine ruvara rwakafanana uye mamwe mabhendi anotsiyana muorenji uye chena, asi kune akawanda mavara senge yero, tsvuku, pingi uye kunyange akasviba matoni.
Ruvara rwehove iyi rwakakamurwa kuita mitsetse mitatu inotangira kubva kumusoro. Kumucheto kwezvipenga kunowanzo kuve kusviba.
Nekukudziridza padivi nemaanemone uye nekushanda pamwechete kuti vararame, clownfish yakagadzira ganda rine maseru anonamira akafukidzwa nechuru chemukoko. Rutsoka urwu runobatsira kuvadzivirira kubva kune huturu hweanemone.
Hupenyu hunotarisirwa muhunhu hwepanyika hunogona kuva pakati pemakore mashanu negumi ekuberekwa.
Habitat uye chikafu
Izvo zvakasikwa renji yeclownfish iri mu Pacific uye Indian Ocean. Inowanikwawo paAustralia Great Barrier Reef uye muGungwa Dzvuku. Ivo vanowanzopararira kutenderedza idzi nzvimbo, sezvo ivo vasingade yakadzika yakadzika uye ivo vanotsvaga matombo emakorari ayo asina kudzika zvakanyanya uye uko anemones anowanikwa.
Clownfish inotsvaga anemone nekuti vakazvimisikidza pachavo mukushanduka-shanduka hukama hwekudyidzana. Ndokunge, hukama hwekufananidza umo mhando mbiri idzi dzinokunda. Zvichienderana nerudzi rweclownfish yatinosangana nayo, vane imwe sarudzo kana imwe yemhando dzinoverengeka dzeanemone kunyanya.
Idzi hove dzinobatsirwa nematende eanemone, sezvo zvakanaka kwavari kuti vazvidzivirire uye vararame. Iwo matende eanemones ane chepfu uye, agadzira mucosa inodzivirira kubva pahuturu hwavo, haina kukanganiswa. Kutenda maememone nekuda kwekuchengetedzwa kwavo, clownfish iri mukutarisira kudya zvinokwanisika tupukanana, algae iyo inogona kuikuvadza uye zvisaririra zvinogona kuramba zviri mumatende ayo mushure mekudya. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvina yemuclownfish inofungidzira kuti ndeyemupiro weanemone.
Hazvina zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa nezve iyo mamusus inodzivirira clownfish kubva mukukanganiswa nehuturu hweanemone, asi zvinozivikanwa kuti chimwe chehunhu hwayo ndechekuti haina chinhu chinoigadzira chiito chematocysts chinokonzereswa.
Izvi hazviwanzo zvakadaro. Sezvo ivo vanozvarwa uye vanokura, ivo vanokudziridza mucosa uye vanova vanozvidzivirira kune chepfu yeanemone uye vanojairana nenzvimbo. Zvakare, kuti hukama hwacho husimbiswe, hove dzinofanira kushambira zvinyoro-nyoro pamusoro peanemone sedhiringi, kuitira kuti anemone ijaire uye isaedze kuramba ichiruma.
Kudya kwehove idzi kunopa omnivorous. Ivo vanodya zvakasiyana siyana zvekudya zvemarudzi ese zvidiki mollusks, algae, zooplankton uye crustaceans. Kuzvidzivirira kubva kune huturu hweanemones, akawanda clownfish anodya zvidimbu zvetende zvinoteurwa kubva kune anemones.
Maitiro
Iyo clownfish ine nharaunda uye ine hukasha. Naizvozvo, kune yakakura chikamu inokwanisa kuchengetedza anemone muhukama hwehukama. Munharaunda, clownfish inogara munzvimbo ine hutongi uko mukadzi mukuru uye ane hukasha ari shefu. Kana mukadzi ane mukurumbira akafa, murume mukuru anomutsiva nekuchinja bonde.
Ihove idzi ndedzomurume mumwe chete, saka chete idzo dzinobereka ndidzo dzinotonga mukono nehadzi. Kana murume achinja bonde kuita mukadzi nekuti mukadzi anofa, wechipiri murume mukuru anoita semuberekesi mutsva.
Kuberekerwa
Iyo clownfish ndeye oviparous, ndiko kuti, iyo inoberekwa kuburikidza nemazai. Fetiraiza pakati pemukadzi mukuru nemurume mukurusa inoitika kunze. Vaviri vanoburitsa mageteti avo kunharaunda kunoitika kusangana.
Kubereka kunova panjodzi huru kune tembiricha. Kana iyo tembiricha yemvura ikakwira, ivo vanotanga kubereka. Sezvo ivo vari hove dzinobva kumatropical mvura uye ivo vari akawanda kana mashoma pane kwakanyanya tembiricha gore rese, ivo vanobereka mukati megore rose.
Asati atanga chiitiko chekusangana, murume anonatsa nekugadzirira nzvimbo padyo neanemone kuitira kuti mukadzi agone kuisa mazai. Kana mukadzi akandira mazai, murume ndiye ane basa rekumwaya mbeu yake pairi kuti aise fetereza. Munguva yekudzikamisa, murume ndiye anoita kuti okisijeni iwedzere mazai nekukochekera mapini ari padyo navo kuti agadzire mafashama. Kana zai risina kumira mushe, murume anoribvisa. Kuti ivadzivirire panguva yekudzivirira, hove yechirume inova nehasha zvakanyanya kune chero anopinda.
Kuchengeta uye kuenderana
Kana isu tichida kuve ne clownfish mune yedu aquarium isu tichafanirwa kusangana nezvimwe zvinodiwa kuti inyatso chengetedza nzvimbo yayo. Hove idzi vanoda malita makumi manomwe emvura emuenzaniso wega wega kurarama zvakanaka uye mvura, iri hove dzinobva kunzvimbo dzinopisa, inofanirwa kuchengetwa pakati pe 24 uye 27 degrees tembiricha.
Kana zviri zvekushongedzwa kwegungwa, zvakakosha kuti hove imwe neimwe iine anemone yayo kuti igone kugara nayo. Kuve nehasha uye nenzvimbo ivo vacharwa pamwe nedzimwe hove kune yavo anemone. Izvo zvakakosha kuisa zviyo zvemakorari, sezvo clownfish inowanzo kugara mumakorari matombo.
Ramba uchifunga kuti idzi hove dzine nharaunda zvakanyanya uye havazowirirana nedzimwe hove dzerudzi rumwe chete. Hazvikurudzirwi kuve nehove dzinoverengeka kunze kwekunge uine ma aquariums e300 uye 500 litita emvura, kwavanogona kumisikidza hutongi.
Hove dzeclown dzinoshambira zvishoma nezvishoma, saka hazvikurudzirwe kudziisa nedzimwe hove dzinodya uye dzakakura kupfuura idzo. Izvo zvakanaka ndezvekuzviisa nemhando dzakasiyana dzakanangana navo senge Damsels, Maidens, Ngirozi, Gobies, Blennies, Surgeonfish, uye Gramma Loretos.
Zvirwere nemitengo
Clownfish inogona kutambura nezvirwere zvakajairika zvehove dzegungwa senge tuberculosis, cysts, makonye, velvet, chena gwapa uye zvimwe zvirwere zvehutachiona.
Kudzivirira hove dzedu kuti dzisarware, tinofanirwa kugara takachenesa aquarium, tichichinja uye nekuchenesa mafirita, kuchengetedza tembiricha nemazvo, kuchenesa zvisaririra uye chero hove ikafa, ibvise ipapo ipapo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuve nechipatara chemvura kana hove ichiratidza chirwere, chibvise uye chirape ipapo.
Kana zviri zvemitengo, zvinosiyana zvichienderana neruvara. Unogona kuvawana pakati pe16 ne26 euros iyo kopi.
Iye zvino unoziva chimwe chinhu pamusoro pehove dzinokosha idzi uye nemabatiro aungaita kuti varambe vaine hutano mutangi rako rehove.