Munguva pfupi yadarika takaona mhando yehove dzaitarisira kuchenesa nzvimbo dzemumvura, nekuti mararamiro avo nedhayeti zvainge zvakanangana nekutsvaga chikafu pasi nekumhanyisa mvura. Mune ino kesi isu ticha taura nezve hove ine basa kuchenesa girazi re aquarium: ndiyo Otocinclus.
Iyo Otocinclus ihove ine rugare ine hunyanzvi kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweBrazil, sango reMato Grosso nedzimwe nzizi dzeColombia, iro rine zita rakajairika windows cleaner. Iwe unoda kuziva zvese nezve hove iyi?
Habitat nenzvimbo yekugovera
Ihove idzi dzinowanikwa mumvura dzinokurumidza, kunyangwe asiri akanaka kushambira. Nzvimbo yaro ndeyeyemvura yakachena yenzizi dzeBrazil neColombia. Kune maviri marudzi eOtocinclus ayo anowanzo kanganiswa nekuda kwekufanana kwawo kukuru. Tine iyo otocinclus vittatus and the otocinclus affinis. Aya marudzi maviri akafanana akafanana morphologically uye anowanzo kanganiswa. Chinhu chega chinosiyana uye chinosiyanisa marudzi maviri aya inzvimbo yavo yekugovera.
Mvura inogarwa nehove idzi inowanzove iine matombo akafukidzwa nealgae uye yakawanda zvinomera.
Otocinclus Zvimiro
Ihove idzi dzakareba uye dzinogona kusvika pamasendimita mashanu. Vane kakakombama musana uye dumbu rakatsetseka. Kuti vape chikafu vanoshandisa mukombe wekukweva wavanayo mumuromo wavo kugona kunanzva chikafu. Naizvozvo, inotsvaga chikafu pamadziro emvura uye inonzi iyo windows cleaner. Iyo ine adipose yekupedzisira uye chiratidzo chayo chakasarudzika. Zvekushambira zvirinani, ine musana unosimbisa mune zvese zvimbi kunze kwemuswe uye adipose.
Muviri wayo wakachena uye goridhe muvara, iine grey kana shava mavara kumusana pamwe netambo nhema iyo inovhara yese yayo yekumashure chikamu kubva kumusoro kusvika kumuswe wemuswe. Dumbu rayo rakachena.
Nekuda kwekuti hove idzi dzinogara munzizi dzine mafashama akasimba emvura, dzinoshandisa mukombe wekuyamwa mumuromo mavo, kunze kwekudyisa, kubata hutongi hwemvura husina kugadzikana. Nekusakudziridza yekushambira dundira, havakwanisi kushambira. Pane kudaro, vanosvetuka pamatombo uye vanobatirira pane substrate nekapu yekukweva kuti vasatakurwa nerwizi rwemvura. Kusvetuka kwavanoita kuri kuyambuka kuitira kuti isape zvakanyanya kudzvinyirira kune yazvino uye kudhonzwa kumashure.
Zvokudya
Kudya kwavo munzvimbo yakasikwa kunoenderana nezvavanogona kudzura kubva pamatombo uye matanda pazasi, kazhinji zvinokachidza algae, zvidyarwa zvidiki uye zvidiki zvinogara pakati pavo. Ivo vanowanzove nemadekwani maitiro, kunyange hazvo vachiramba vachishingaira panguva yemasikati maawa.
Ndiyo omnivore uye herbivore, kuwana kudya chikafu chiri mumahwendefa anoiswa mudzimba dzekudyira kuseri. Ihove idzi dzinogona kupihwa chikafu chakabikwa, spirulina uye zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinomera zvehove.
Maitiro uye kuenderana
Sezvambotaurwa, hove idzi dzinerunyararo uye dzinonyara. Kuti uwedzere kugarisana kwako mumatangi ehove, iwe unofanirwa kuramba uri mauriboka revanenge vashanu hove dzerudzi rumwe chete, varipo vakawanda vakadzi kupfuura varume.
Ihove idzi dzinorara masikati pane shizha kana kunamatira kugirazi ye aquarium. Ivo vanonyanya kushingaira husiku. Sezvo chikafu chavo chakavakirwa zvakanyanya pane algae, ivo vanokwanisa kuchenesa iyo aquarium girazi kuti vadye iyo algae inosara yakabatanidzwa. Idzi hove dzinowanzozivikanwa sehove dzehusimbe, sezvo dziri hove dzinotenderedza zuva rese kana mumashizha kana girazi remvura. Vasingazive kushambira zvakanaka, kufamba kwavo mumakungwa kwakashata.
Nezve kuenderana nedzimwe hove, izvi Ivo vanoshamwaridzana kwazvo uye vanogona kurarama nechero mhando. Edza kusaisanganisa nemhando hombe uye dzine hukasha dzinogona kuvabata. Ivo shamwari dzakanaka dze corydoras. Iwe unogona zvakare kuvasanganisa neepasi yakachena hove saAncistrus.
Kugadziriswa
Sezvo hugaro hwayo hwechisikigo huzhinji mune algae uye zvirimwa, yakanakisa aquarium yerudzi urwu de peces kuti wakasimwa, ndiko kuti, nehukuru hwakanaka hwezvirimwa. Inofanirawo kuva nemvura yakachena ine mwenje wakanaka, iine pamusoro inobvumidza kukura kwayo.
Mune iyo aquarium, iyo algae inofanirwa kukura ichienderera, sezvo hove idzi dzichadya zvinongoda chete algae. Iyo aquarium inofanirwa kuve nayo huwandu hwe60 litita yeboka diki re10 Otocinclus.
Mvura inokurudzirwa kune hove idzi vane pH iri pakati pe6 ne6,75, sezvo dzisinganyanyoda. Kuti umise yakakwana tembiricha, iwe unofanirwa kuyeuka kuti ivo havadi kwazvo tembiricha yakakwira. Vanoda huwandu hwakawanda hwe oxygen inowanikwa. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kuti usapfuure 26 ° C Ye tembiricha. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, kana iwe usingakwanise kunzvenga izvi, ita shuwa kuburikidza nefirita kuti kufamba kwemvura kunogara kuripo uye kwakanyanya, kunyanya kana tembiricha ichidarika iyo 26 ° C.
Kubereka uye mutengo
Kuzvara, varume vanodzingirira vakadzi kusvikira vekupedzisira vagamuchira ivo. Kune hukama hwepabonde mune aya marudzi, sezvo hono dzisingatombogona kusiyaniswa kubva kumadzimai. Ose ari maviri akafanana morphologically.
Kubereka kwehove idzi kwakafanana neyaCorydoras. Mazai anoiswa muzvirimwa kana iwe unoratidzika kunge ari mugungwa uye vanokanganwa nezvavo. Idzi hove hadzisi idzo dzinogara dzichichengeta mazai. Huwandu hwemazai hwakasiyana zvakanyanya, kazhinji anenge mazai makumi maviri nemakumi mana pamukadzi. Mazai acho anochochonya mukati memazuva matatu achizarira. Mazuva ekutanga iyo fry inofanira kupihwa infusoria uye yakakosha chikafu kwavari. Gare gare ivo vanokwanisa kupihwa ne brine shrimp nauplii uye yakabikwa uye yakapwanyika sipinashi.
Hupenyu hunotarisirwa hwehove idzi ingangoita makore mashanu. Kana zviri zvemitengo yeOtocinclus, ivo vanowanzo kuve varipo iyo € 2-3,50 kopi imwe neimwe.
Neruzivo urwu iwe unogona ikozvino kuwedzera boka diki reOtocinclus kune yako akwariyamu, uchiita kuti madziro ave akachena uye nekupa yakanaka yakanaka ine rugare uye inodziya nharaunda.
Kunyangwe chiri chokwadi kuti vanofarira zvakanaka oxygenated mvura, vane ura hwekufema, uye vanogona kutsiva kumwe kushomeka; misiyano yebonde haisi kuoneka, asi inokosheswa kana ivo vari vakuru ... Asi chinonyanya kushayikwa muchinyorwa ndechekusimbisa kuti ihove iyo inogara ichibva kunotora, nekuti haina kubereka mukutapwa, kunyangwe ini ndisingazive kana paine chero chirevo. Kunyangwe iri hove isingabatike kana yashandurwa, inokanganisa shanduko, uye isingasviki 50% yevakatorwa vanopona; Uyezve, patinozviwana, kana patinoshandura zvinogara mumvura, zvakajairika kuve nekumwe kurasikirwa. Izvo hazvigone kuunzwa mune nyowani nyowani, uye zviri nyore kuti iyo aquarium yanga ichishanda kweinenge gore rimwe chete kuti ivazivise.
Mhoro kwaziso kubva kuChile. Ndakawana kubereka kwepamoyo mukati megungwa rakarongedzwa uye rakagadzirirwa ma prawns, iyi aquarium ingangoita mazana maviri litita neAnubias, HC Cuba, Montecarlo. Kupisa 200 ° C ph haina kufanana, vhiki nevhiki shanduko yemvura ye25% yakatsetseka pari zvino uye 20w mwenje wechiedza, ndinofunga iko kufambira mberi kukuru sezvo kugona kuve nevana vazhinji veiyi hove yakanaka pane imwe nguva kunogona kumira kubviswa kubva muchisiko .