Kwindalo kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezinobuchwephesha bokuzifihla, ezinye, nangona kunjalo, zizilwanyana ezilungileyo, kwaye nganye inazo indlela yabo yokuphila Phambi kwemiboniso ebonisiweyo.
Kukho ii-amphibians ezinemibala eyoyikekayo kunye ne-showy. Nangona oku kunokuba yinto engalunganga xa kufikwa ekufihleni, injongo yayo ichasene. Ezi zasemanzini zinetyhefu kwaye, ukuba zibanjiwe, zityhe ixhoba.
Kutheni ezinye izilwanyana zasemanzini zinetyhefu?
Ityhefu kwizilwanyana ziqhelekile kwindalo ukwazi ukuzikhusela kumarhamncwa. Ii-Amphibians zineentlobo ezimbini zedlala kulusu lwazo ezisebenzela ukuthambisa kunye namadlala egranular apho ane-venom.
Inkoliso yasemanzini inetyhefu. Kodwa oku oko akuthethi ukuba ziyingozi empilweni. Ngamasele ambalwa kuphela anobungozi ebantwini. Kwii-amphibians, ityhefu igcinwe kwincindi yesifo ekwaziyo ukuyifihla kwimeko eyoyikisayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-amphibian ayinayo ityhefu kakhulu, ke xa ihlaselwa, ibangela ukucaphuka emlonyeni. Oku kubangela irhamncwa ukuba liyeke. Ngale ndlela, ityhefu inefuthe layo ekukhuseleni i-amphibian.
Ubuhlungu be-Amphibian bunepropathi ye-antimicrobial ukuzikhusela kwizidalwa eziyintsholongwane. Kwindalo, siyazi ukuba ikho inkqubo yokhetho lwendalo, apho iintlobo ziguquka njengoko ziqhelana ngcono neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ewe, kukho inkqubo yokhetho lwendalo ebangela ukuba abo baphilayo baphile ngcono kunabo banetyhefu enamandla kwaye eyingozi. Ngaphandle kwale nkqubo yokhetho lwendalo, ityhefu yazo zonke amasele ayinetyhefu ayinakubulala njengokuba kunjalo nanamhlanje. Ngokulula, ibiya kuzalisekisa umsebenzi wokulumkisa ixhoba ngokukwazi kwayo ukuyishenxisa kude kwaye ikwazi ukulilumkisa emva kwemibala eqaqambileyo.
Zifumana njani izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini?
Amanye amasele anjengeentloko, atya kakhulu kwiimbovane. Lo mkhwa wokutya iimbovane uqheleke kakhulu kwihlabathi lamasele kunye noosele kwaye kubalulekile kubo ukuba bafumane ityhefu lonto ibenza bakwazi ukuzikhusela kwixhoba.
La masele enza ubuchule bokutya ngokusekwe ekufumaneni ityhefu ngokungenisa iimbovane. Amasele eArrowhead zezona zinetyhefu emhlabeni (njengoko siza kubona kamva) kwaye afumana ityhefu yawo eyomeleleyo ngokutya iimillipedes. Ezi millipedes zinazo ityhefu alkaloid emizimbeni yabo nakwamasele, emva kokuwetyisa, uyabaqweqwedisa kwaye uzigcine ezi tyhefu ukuze ube yityhefu.
Injani le tyhefu kwiinzipho?
Uninzi lwamasoba lunetyhefu engenabungozi ebantwini kuba abanaso nasiphi na isixhobo esisebenza njenge-inoculator yetyhefu. Ukuba ubamba enye yezi toads, eyona nto inokubangela ukuba ucaphukiswe ngamehlo okanye umlomo xa ityhefu idibana nale mimandla.
Nangona kunjalo, kwizinja neekati kunokubangela ingxaki xa betya i-toad. Nje ukuba bayifakile i-toad, inokubangela nokusweleka kwiingxaki ezinzulu zentliziyo ukuba ayinyangwa kwangoko.
Kukho iintlobo ezithi xa zifunxiwe zibangele iziphumo ze-hallucinogenic. Umzekelo, isonka saseSonoran entlango (IBufo alvarius) lulusile olunayo Iziphumo ezinamandla ze-hallucinogenic.
Ityhefu kumasele
Amasele nawo akhangeleka njengezilwanyana ezininzi "ezingenabungozi", kodwa ke nazo zigutyungelwe kwaye zikhuselwe yityhefu kulusu lwazo. Elona sele lingenayo ityhefu lelisele eliluhlaza. Yena Ayinayo nayiphi na into enetyhefu enokusichaphazela thina okanye nasiphi na isilwanyana. Kungenxa yoko le nto sinokungcamla imilenze yamasele ngaphandle koloyiko lokuphela kakubi.
Kwelinye icala, sinayo isele lentloko (Ukuphinda usebenzise sp.) lelona seli lilinetyhefu ehlabathini, elinako ukubulala igorila nje ngokudibana nalo.
Isicwangciso esinetyhefu seAmphibian
Ezi zasemanzini zisebenzisa ityhefu njengempendulo elula kwizisongelo ezivela kumarhamncwa anamandla. Sisicwangciso-qhinga ekufuneka bekwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezivela kwaye baphile.
Phakathi kwamaxoxo abulala abantu kakhulu kwiplanethi esiyifumanayo IiDendrobatids. Ezi zezosapho lwama-anurans. Awona adumileyo, kwaye sele ekhankanyiwe, ngamaxoxo entloko. Bahlala bahlala kuMbindi nakuMzantsi Merika. Luhlobo lwendawo ezixhaphakileyo kwezi ndawo, ngenxa yoko asizukukwazi ukuzifumana kwenye indawo.
La masele anempawu ezenza ukuba zahluke. Banesikhumba esineethoni eziqaqambileyo ezinemibala egcweleyo kwaye ebetha kakhulu. Abangumbala omnye kuphela, ke ukuba sifuna ukubachonga, umbala awungoyena ndoqo ufanelekileyo. Singafumana uluhlu lwemibala eyahluka kweyona orenji ikhaphukhaphu, ngombala omnyama, omthubi kunye nobomvu.
Amasele entloko
Njengoko besenditshilo ngaphambili, kukho inkqubo yokhetho lwendalo eyenza ukuba iintlobo zilungelelane neemeko ezizibonisayo kwaye kuphela ezomeleleyo ziyasinda kwaye ziphuhle. Ukutyhubela imbali, abahlaseli bala masele bafa bezama ukubangenisa, ngenxa yeziphumo zayo zetyhefu eyomeleleyo. Yiyo loo nto, kule meko, amasele abonakalayo ukuba "alumkise" irhamncwa ukuba linetyhefu kwaye ayikhathazi nokuyibamba.
Into eqhelekileyo kwindalo kukuhlala ufihliwe ukuze ungabi lixhoba lesinye isilwanyana, kodwa ii-dendrobatids zichasene. Bayakwazi ukuhlala kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zendalo. Zifumaneka kwiindawo ezinjengehlathi lamafu, njengamahlathi ashinyeneyo, amahlathi eAndean, kunye neendawo zemimandla. Nokuba ezi zilwanyana zingaphila kude kube ziimitha ezingama-2000.
Iimpawu zamasele e-dendrobatid
Ukuze sibone elinye lala masele kufuneka singene kwihlathi elishisayo emini. Enkosi ngemibala yabo ebabazekayo sinokuyifumana ngokulula. Ziyadibana kwaye ukutya kwazo kusekelwe ukuzingela izinambuzane ezincinci kunye nearthropods ezinjengeembovane, iintubi, ooqongqothwane, izibungu, njalo-njalo, nangona kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye ukuba iindlela zokutya zihlala zahluka kakhulu phakathi kweentlobo zamasele.
Isele elifihliweyo
Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, amanqanaba aphezulu etyhefu anala masele kungenxa yeealkaloids ezinetyhefu ezifumaneka kumphezulu wolusu kula maninzi amasele. Isininzi, xa sidibana ngqo nomphezulu wezinye izinto eziphilayo, ziyakwazi ukubangela ukufa.
Ukuziqhelanisa nomzingeli
Njengesishwankathelo sesi sicwangciso sokuba amasele anetyhefu kufuneka abenakho ukubaleka kumarhamncwa awo, kufuneka songeze ukuba, inkqubo yokhetho yendalo apho amasele afumana khona iityhefu eziya zisomelela ngamandla, ikwasebenza nokuthanda iintshaba ezininzi.
Kukho amarhamncwa anokutya okuninzi iintlobo zasemanzini eziguqukileyo kwaye Bayakwazi ukucoca isele ngaphambi kokulitya ngaphandle kwengozi yokutyisa ityhefu. Umzekelo, i-otter, i-polecat okanye i-mink, zezinye ze-mustelids eziye zafunda ukuhluba ixoxo ngaphambi kokulitya. Nathi singabantu senza okufanayo.
Njengomdla, kwezinye izizwe, iintolo zazifakwe ityhefu yamaxoxo ukuze zikwazi ukuzingela izilwanyana ezingafumanekiyo. Ngenxa yoko, banegama lamaxoxo.