Kutshanje siye sabona uhlobo lweentlanzi ezaziphethe ekucoceni i-aquariums, kuba indlela yazo yokuphila kunye nokutya bekusekwe ekukhangeleni ukutya emazantsi kunye nasekuvuseleleni amanzi. Kule meko siza kuthetha ngentlanzi enomsebenzi wayo Ukucoca iglasi ye-aquarium: yiOtocinclus.
I-Otocinclus yindawo ehlala iintlanzi ezinoxolo kumazantsi mpuma eBrazil, ihlathi laseMato Grosso kunye neminye imilambo yaseColombia, enegama eliqhelekileyo Ucoceko lwefestile. Ngaba ufuna ukwazi yonke into malunga nale ntlanzi?
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokuhambisa
Ezi ntlanzi zifumaneka emanzini akhawulezayo, nangona bengadadi kakuhle. Indawo yokuhlala yayo yeyamanzi acwengileyo emilambo yaseBrazil naseColombia. Zimbini iintlobo zeOtocinclus ezihlala zidideka ngenxa yokufana kwazo. Sine I-Otocinclus vittatus kunye otocinclus affinis. Ezi ntlobo zimbini ziyafana morphologically kwaye zihlala zididekile. Inye kuphela into eyahlukileyo kwaye eyahlula ezi ntlobo zimbini yindawo yazo yokuhambisa.
Amanzi ahlala kwezi ntlanzi ahlala enawo amatye agqunywe bubulembu kunye nohlaza oluninzi.
Iimpawu zeOtocinclus
Ezi ntlanzi zide kwaye zinokufikelela kwi-5 cm. Banomqolo omncinci emqolo kunye nesisu esisicaba. Ukutyisa zisebenzisa ikomityi yokutsala ezinayo emlonyeni wayo ukuze ndikwazi ukufunxa ukutya. Ke ngoko, ijonge ukutya kwiindonga zasemanzini kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi Ucoceko lwefestile. Ine-adipose fin kwaye umbono wayo usecaleni. Ngokudada okungcono, inomgogodla owomeleleyo kuwo onke amaphiko ngaphandle komsila kunye neadipose.
Umzimba wayo ungwevu kunye negolide ngombala, ungwevu okanye amabala amdaka ngasemva kunye nelayini emnyama egubungela lonke icala lalo ukusuka entloko ukuya emsileni. Isisu sayo simhlophe.
Ngenxa yokuba ezi ntlanzi zihlala emilanjeni ezinamanzi anamandla kakhulu, zisebenzisa ikomityi yokutsala emlonyeni wayo, ngaphandle kokondla, ukubamba ulawulo lwamanzi olungazolanga. Ngokungaphuhlisi isinyi sokuqubha, azikwazi ukudada. Endaweni yoko, bayaxhuma ematyeni kwaye babambelele kumqolo ongaphantsi ngekomityi yokutsala ukuze bangakhukuliswa ngumjelo wamanzi. Ukutsiba abakwenzayo kuyanqamla ukuze bangabonisi ukuxhathisa okwangoku kwaye barhuqelwe ngasemva.
Ukutya
Ukutya kwabo kwindawo yokuhlala yendalo kuxhomekeke kwinto abanokuyincothula ematyeni kunye neelogi ezantsi, ngokubanzi zibeka ulwelwe, izityalo ezincinci kunye neentsholongwane ezihlala phakathi kwazo. Zona zinemikhwa yangokuhlwa, nangona zihlala zisebenza ngexesha lasemini.
I-omnivore kunye ne-herbivore, ukutya ukutya kumacwecwe abekwe kumagumbi okutyela ngasemva. Ezi ntlanzi zinokutyiswa imifuno ephekiweyo, i-spirulina kunye nezinye izongezo zezityalo zentlanzi.
Ukuziphatha kunye nokuhambelana
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ezi ntlanzi zinoxolo kwaye zinentloni. Ukuphucula ukuhlala kunye kwakho kwiitanki zentlanzi, kuya kufuneka uhlale uiqela leentlanzi ezintlanu zohlobo olunye, esele zikho ngaphezulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda.
Ezi ntlanzi zilala emini egqabini okanye zinamathele kwiglasi ye-aquarium. Zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku. Kuba ukutya kwabo kusekwe ikakhulu kwi-algae, bayakwazi ukucoca iglasi ye-aquarium ukuze batye i-algae esele incanyathiselwe. Ezi ntlanzi zibizwa ngokuba zisonqena, kuba ziintlanzi ezijikeleza imini yonke okanye kumagqabi okanye kwiglasi yeelwandle. Ukungazi ukudada kakuhle, intshukumo yabo emanzini ayilunganga.
Ngokumalunga nokuhambelana nezinye iintlanzi, ezi Banobuhlobo kakhulu kwaye banokuhlala nazo naziphi na iintlobo. Zama ukungazixubi kunye neentlobo ezinkulu nezinoburharha ezinokubabamba. Abahlobo abalungileyo be yeyoku. Ungazixuba kunye neentlanzi ezicocekileyo ezisezantsi ezinjengeAncistrus.
Ulungiso
Kuba indawo yayo yendalo ininzi kwi-algae kunye nezityalo, eyona aquarium ilungileyo kolu hlobo de peces kukuba utyalwe kakuhle, oko kukuthi, ngoxinano lwezityalo olulungileyo. Kufuneka ibenamanzi acocekileyo anesibane esilungileyo, esinomphezulu ovumela ukukhula kwaso.
Kwi-aquarium, ulwelwe kufuneka lukhule ngokuqhubekayo, kuba ezi ntlanzi ziya kutya kuphela ubulembu. I-aquarium kufuneka ibenayo umthamo weelitha ezingama-60 kwiqela elincinci le-10 Otocinclus.
Amanzi anconyelwa ezi ntlanzi unayo i-pH phakathi ko-6 no-6,75, kuba azinyanzelisi. Ukuseka ubushushu obulungileyo, kuya kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba awabathandi kakhulu amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Bafuna isixa esikhulu seoksijini ekhoyo. Ke ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba musa ukudlula kuma-26 ° C Lobushushu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awukwazi ukuyiphepha le nto, qinisekisa ngokusebenzisa isihluzo ukuba ukuhamba kwamanzi kuhlala kunjalo kwaye kuninzi, ngakumbi nangakumbi xa iqondo lobushushu lingaphezulu kwala-26 ° C.
Ukuzaliswa kunye nexabiso
Ukuzala kwakhona, iinkunzi zigxotha abantu ababhinqileyo de zamkelwe. Kukho i-dimorphism yesondo Kwezi ntlobo, kuba iinkunzi azinakwahlulwa kubafazi. Zombini ziyafana ngokuziphatha.
Ukuzalelwa kwezi ntlanzi kuyafana noko kweCorydoras. Amaqanda abekwa kwizityalo okanye ubonakala ngathi yi-aquarium kwaye bayazilibala. Ezi ntlanzi ayizizo iindidi zokuqhubeka nokugada amaqanda. Inani lamaqanda liguquka kakhulu, ngokubanzi malunga namaqanda angama-20 ukuya kwayi-40 kwabasetyhini. Amaqanda aqanduselwa kwisithuba seentsuku ezintathu emva kokuzala. Iintsuku zokuqala i-fry kufuneka zondliwe nge-infusoria kunye nokutya okhethekileyo kubo. Emva kwexesha banokubonelelwa nge-brine shrimp nauplii kunye nesipinatshi esiphekiweyo nesicoliweyo.
Ixesha lokuphila kwezi ntlanzi limalunga neminyaka emi-5. Ngokumalunga namaxabiso e-Otocinclus, bahlala bekho € 2-3,50 ikopi nganye.
Ngolu lwazi ungongeza iqela elincinci le-Otocinclus kwi-aquarium yakho, wenze iindonga zicoceke kwaye unike indawo entle enoxolo netropiki.
Nangona kuyinyani ukuba bathanda amanzi aneoksijini elungileyo, banokuphefumla kwamathumbu, kwaye banokwenza ukusilela okuthile; Umahluko ngokwesini awubonakali, kodwa uyancomeka xa sele bebadala ... Kodwa eyona nto ilahlekileyo kwinqaku kukugxininisa ukuba yintlanzi ehlala ivela ekuthinjweni, kuba ayivelisi ekuthinjweni, nangona ndingazi ukuba kukho nasiphi na isikhombisi, iya kuba yimeko ethile engaqhelekanga. Ngaphandle kokuba iyintlanzi enganyangekiyo xa sele ilungisiwe, inovakalelo kakhulu kutshintsho, kwaye bangaphantsi kwama-50% abantu ababanjiweyo abasindayo; Ngapha koko, xa sizifumana, okanye xa sitshintsha i-aquariums, kuqhelekile ukuba nelahleko ethile. Azinakuze zaziswe kwi-aquarium entsha, kwaye kufanelekile ukuba i-aquarium isebenze okungenani unyaka omnye ukubazisa.
Molweni kwiChile. Ndizalisekisile ukuzala okuzenzekelayo kwi-aquarium ecwangcisiweyo kwaye eyenzelwe iiprawn, le aquarium iphantse ibe ziilitha ezingama-200 kunye neAnubias, HC Cuba, Montecarlo. Amaqondo obushushu angama-25 ° C ph awafani, ukutshintsha kwamanzi ngeveki nge-20% ngoku okuthe tyaba kunye nokukhanya kwe-36w kwe-LED, ndicinga ukuba yinto ehamba phambili kuba ukubanakho ukuba nenzala eninzi yale ntlanzi intle ngaxa lithile inokuyeka ukukhutshwa kwindalo .