Ikhukhamba elwandle

Namuhla asizile ukuzokhuluma ngenhlanzi njengoba senza isikhathi esiningi. Namuhla sithola okuthile okwaziwayo, kodwa okungaziwa ngasikhathi sinye. Imayelana ne- ikhukhamba elwandle. Kuyisilwane esinomzimba omiswe njengesibungu futhi uhlala olwandle cishe emhlabeni wonke. Njengamanje, zingu-1400 izinhlobo ezaziwayo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukuzihlaziya ngokujule.

Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngekhukhamba lasolwandle? Qhubeka ufunde futhi uzofunda konke ngaye.

Izici eziyinhloko

Ikhukhamba lasolwandle lingele-phylum lama-echinoderms nasekilasini le-holothuroids. Igama lekhukhamba lasolwandle livela ekufaneni okukhulu okukhona nemifino, yize kuyisilwane hhayi isitshalo.

Okugqama kakhulu ngale echinoderm ukuma nokuthungwa kwesikhumba sayo. Iphatha ukwakheka sengathi yisikhumba, kepha ngokubukeka okufana nejeli. Uma uthi nhlá, kuyisilwane esingahle sithathwe njenge-slug. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo ubude bazo buyahlukahluka. Kodwa-ke, kungashiwo ukuthi isilinganiso cishe singama-20 cm ubude. Kunamakhukhamba asolwandle anamasayizi angaphansi kwesentimitha elilodwa noma amanye amakhudlwana.

Isikhumba ikhukhamba yasolwandle esikhetheke kakhulu ngaso sinombala wezinhlobo eziningana. Singayithola ngombala onsundu, oluhlaza okomnqumo noma omnyama futhi inokuthungwa kwesikhumba. Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zezinto lokhu kungahluka kancane. Ukubukeka kwayo okufana nezikelemu kuyenza ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nolwandle ngaphandle kwenkinga ngokusinda kwayo.

Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi olwandle umfutho wamanzi uphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke izinhlobo eziningi zigcina zine-gelatinous texture ebasiza ukuba baphile kulezi zindawo. Uma kungenjalo, masikhumbule lahla inhlanzi njengenye yezimbi kunazo zonke emhlabeni kuphela ngenxa yokuthungwa kwayo okuyinika umumo ongajwayelekile.

Ikhukhamba yasolwandle inodonga lwangaphandle lomzimba wayo olwakhiwe yi-collagen oluyivumela ukuthi iguqule ukwakheka kwayo ngokuya ngengcindezi yamanzi ekhona ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenxa yaleli khono lokukhulisa noma lokuvumelanisa umzimba wakho ngokuthanda liyakwazi ukungena noma ukushiya imifantu yezindawo zokukhosela lapho zicasha khona ezilwaneni ezizingelayo.

Indawo nendawo okusatshalaliswa kuyo

Lezi zilwane zisebenzisa zonke izinyawo zeshubhu ezinazo ukuze zisabalale ngaphezu kwendawo enkulu kunazo zonke. Lezi zinyawo zinemisebenzi ebucayi ebasiza ukuthi bazi zonke izinto ezizungezile ukuze babone ukuthi basengozini noma cha.

Njengoba sesishilo, ingahlala cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo yasolwandle, njengoba zisakazeke cishe kuwo wonke umhlaba. Kodwa-ke, zitholakala kaningi emanzini angajulile anosawoti. Ifinyelela inani layo labantu ezindaweni ezisondelene nezixhobo zamakhorali.

Ikhaya elibhekwa njengeliphephile yilezi zilwane lisesimweni sokuhlangana. Ngakho-ke, kuyingozi kubo lapho ukuhamba kwegagasi futhi kufanele baye emanzini ajulile eduze nemisele yolwandle. Kukule ndawo lapho iphephe kakhulu khona.

Ngokuya ngezinhlobo esizicubungulayo, singathola izilwane ze-benthic ezinikele ekumbeni ukudla ezindaweni ezithambile noma ezinye ezingabhukuda futhi zibe ngamalungu eplankton. Ngenxa yalokhu bahambisa ukubonga ngamandla emisinga yamanzi.

Ukuzizwa uphephile zibekwa emifantwini noma zingcwatshwe ezindaweni ezingaphansi ezithambile. Ngale ndlela zingacasha ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye futhi zingabonwa ukukhanya.

Mayelana nendawo esatshalaliswa kuyo, sithola indawo enkulu kakhulu. Ingatholakala kuyo yonke ingxenye yase-Asia yoLwandlekazi iPacific enamanani amakhulu abantu. Amandla ayo okusabalala ezindaweni eziningi eziphilayo ngenxa yekhono layo lokuzivumelanisa nobude obuhlukahlukene namazinga okushisa.

Ukudla kwamakhukhamba olwandle

Lolu hlobo lwe-slug ingadla imfucumfucu, ulwelwe noma ingxenye yeplankton nemfucuza itholakale olwandle. Ukondla, baqoqa zonke izidalwa ezingaphezulu eziwela phansi ngenxa yokusebenzisa izintambo zabo ezinwetshiwe ebusweni bolwandle.

Ukondla ukudla, basebenzisa izinyawo zabo ezimise okwe-tube ukwenza inqubo yokumba ku-substrate. Amatende anawo emlonyeni wawo ambozwe amafinyila abasiza ukubamba ukudla okumisiwe ngemuva kokwenza umgodi.

Lapho izidalwa sezingene emlonyeni, zidlula ngaphakathi lapho ziyiswa khona emathunjini amancane ukuze zigayeke. Njengoba kungalindelwa, uma ukucubungulile ukudla futhi uthole izakhamzimba ezidingekayo emzimbeni wakho, ulahla lokho okungakusebenzisi njengodaka nodoti.

Ngale ndlela yokuphila enelukuluku singasho ukuthi ukusebenza kwayo ezinhlelweni zemvelo yasolwandle okokuhlanza iziqephu ezingaphansi nokunothisa umhlabathi ngokufakwa kwawo. Inani elikhulu lalezi zilwane lidala ukuthi izimo zemvelo ziguqule izici zazo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhlukanisa ukudla kube ngosayizi abancane kangako, kusiza amabhaktheriya ukuthi asebenze njengokudla.

Ukuzala

Ukuqedela ngolwazi kukhukhamba wasolwandle, sizokhuluma ngokuzala kwalo. Inqubo yokuzala yalezi zilwane yenziwa ngaphandle. Lokho wukuthi, yize ezinye izinhlobo ziyi-placental viviparous, imvamisa ukuthi ukwakheka komuntu omusha kwenzeka ngaphandle. Lokhu kukhulelwa kwenzeka ngokuxoshwa kwesidoda kanye neqanda owesilisa nowesifazane.

Lapho iqanda selichanyuselwe, izibungu ezifika ekukhanyeni zibhukuda ngokukhululeka. Kusigaba sesithathu sentuthuko yabo lapho kukhula khona amatende. Isikhathi sokukhiqiza kabusha ikhukhamba lasolwandle kuba kanye ngonyaka, njalo eminyakeni emibili. Akulindelekile impela uma kukhulunywa ngokuzala kabusha, ngakho-ke akunasiqiniseko sokuthi zizokwenza nini.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungazi kangcono ikhukhamba lolwandle.