Wake wezwa nge inhlanzi enkulu. Wonke amalungu e-oda abizwa ngokuthi yi-pe monkfish AmaLophiiformes. Ziyizinhlanzi ezingamathambo ezinokubukeka okungajwayelekile futhi zivame ukwethuka ukuzibona njengoba zingabonakali zinobungane nhlobo.
IMonkfish yaziwa njenge enye yezinhlanzi ezimbi kunazo zonke ezikhona ezinikezwe ukubukeka nezici zayo. Le nhlanzi inezici ezenza ukuthi ikhetheke kakhulu. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-monkfish?
Izici ze-Monkfish
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kungokwe-oda AmaLophiiformes. Lezi zinhlanzi ngokuvamile zinokubukeka okungajwayelekile okuzenza zibe yisici. Leli oda de peces Ihlukaniswe yaba ama-suborder angu-5: ILophioidei, i-Antennarioidei, iChaunacoidei, i-Ogcocephaloidei, neCeratioidei.
Yize zibizwa ngesinye sezilwane ezimbi kunazo zonke ezikhona, i-morphology yazo inencazelo. Isimo somzimba lesi ilungiswa ukuze iphile ekujuleni okungenakulinganiswa kolwandle. Ekujuleni kolwandle akukho ngisho nokukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke izakhi zomzimba ziyindlala kakhulu. Ukulwela ukusinda kunzima kakhulu ngoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezidlayo.
Ngokuqondene nomzimba wayo oyisici, unenhloko ebanzi kakhulu nomzimba oyisicaba ongena ngasemsileni. Enye yezinto ezisabekayo ngalezi zinhlanzi ngamazinyo azo. Umlomo wayo ubunjwe njengenyanga yenyanga kanti amazinyo abukhali futhi amise ngaphakathi. Imvamisa zinombala womzimba onsundu noma omnyama ompunga kanye nesikhumba esinolaka, esimahhadla, esingenasikali.
Ngenxa yezimo ohlala kuzo, inamathambo amancane futhi agobekayo lokho kuyivumela ukuvula umlomo wayo ngokwanele ukuze ikwazi ukumboza isisulu sayo. Ukugwema ukudliwa noma ukufaka uhlobo oluthile lokumelana, banezinhlobonhlobo ezinde emakhanda abo. Zinamaphiko omgogodla kanye ne-ventral atholakala ngemuva komsila. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-monkfish zishintshelwe amaphiko azo ukuze zivumelane kangcono nolwandle futhi zikwazi ukuhamba phezu kwazo. Usayizi isukela kumasentimitha angu-20 kuya kumitha eli-1 ubude kuyilapho isisindo singama-27-45 kilograms.
Enye yezimpawu ze-monkfish eyenza ukuthi ikhetheke kakhulu isiqeshana somgogodla ophuma ngaphezu komlomo. Kubukeka sengathi i-antenna futhi isebenzisa njengesiheho sokuheha inyamazane. Lesi sitho kwezinye izinhlobo ze-anglerfish yabesifazane sine-luminescence. Lokhu kungenxa yama-bacterial symbiotic ahlala esithombeni.
Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kweMonkfish
Inkomba yeMonkfish ekutholeni uNemo
Yize iningi le-monkfish lisoLwandle i-Atlantic nase-Antarctica, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 emhlabeni jikelele. Zingaphila ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha ayi-1.600. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlala emanzini angajulile, kepha zivame kakhulu.
Njengoba sishilo phambilini, ukusinda kwe-monkfish kwenziwa nzima ngenxa yemvelo ehlala kuyo. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukungabi khona kokukhanya kungukuhluka okulinganiselwe kakhulu kulezi zindawo. Ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga, azikho izitshalo ezithwebula izithombe noma umbono ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba nokuzingela kangcono isisulu sazo.
Ukuziphatha kweMonkfish
Lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukuba zodwa. Ukuze bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nezindawo zasolwandle ezijulile, bakhulise ubudlelwano bokufanelana namagciwane ahlala eduze "ne-antenna" yabo Ubudlelwano buqukethe ukuvumelana lapho bobabili benqoba okuthile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-monkfish iyazuza ekukhanyeni okuhlinzekwe isitho sayo ukuze ikwazi ukubona olwandle futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhaktheriya ayakwazi ukuhlanganisa izakhi zamakhemikhali ezidingekayo ukuze zikwazi ukukhipha i-luminescence, okuthi uma bekude nomzimba wenhlanzi ye-angler, ibingakwazi.
Esinye isici esinqabile ukuthi le nhlanzi inobuhlobo phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane. Abesilisa ngokuvamile bancane futhi, ezimweni eziningi, laba baba ngumngane wakhe ophethwe yisinanakazana. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho i-anglerfish isencane noma ingakwazi ukubhukuda, ingabambelela kowesifazane ngokumgingela amazinyo. Uma lobu budlelwano bugcinwa okwesikhashana, owesilisa uyakwazi ukuxubana nowesifazane, axhume isikhumba sakhe nokujikeleza kwegazi lakhe. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ulahlekelwa amehlo nezitho zangaphakathi ngaphandle kwezitho zokuzala. Ngakho-ke, akuvamile ukuthi owesifazane ahlanganiswe nabesilisa abayisithupha noma ngaphezulu emzimbeni wakhe.
Ukudla kweMonkfish
Lezi zinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye izinhlobo de peces. Ukuze bazingele, zisebenzisa isitho sazo esikhanyayo. Lapho inyamazane ithinta inyamazane, i-anglerfish ivula umlomo wayo ngokushesha futhi iyishwabadele. Ngenxa yamathambo anawo aguquguqukayo, ayakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane ewubukhulu obuphindwe kabili.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweMonkfish
Ngenxa yendawo emnyama abahlala kuyo nobunzima bokuhlangana nezinye izinhlanzi, kuyinkinga impela ukuthi i-anglerfish ithole umlingani ezoshada nayo. Ukuhlangana kwama-monkfish amabili akuvamile. Ngakho-ke, lapho zizala futhi zikwenza ngezikhathi ezithile. Owesilisa uphila ngenhloso kuphela yokuzala futhi lapho ethola insikazi akanqikazi ukuhlangana nayo, ngaleyo ndlela abe yisinambuzane esenana isidoda somlingani wakhe.
Yize kungezona zonke izinhlobo ze-monkfish ezizala ngale ndlela. Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezikwazi ukugcina ukunamathiselwa kwezocansi okwesikhashana ngaphandle kokuxuba izicubu zazo.
Noma ngabe iyiphi indlela yokuzala, insikazi izalela olwandle kungqimba lwe-gelatinous nolusobala. Lesi ungqimba sine- ubukhulu be-25 cm ububanzi namamitha ayi-10 ubude. Iqanda ngalinye lintanta egumbini ngalinye elinokuvuleka kwamanzi okuzungeza ngaphakathi. Lapho amaqanda echanyuselwa, izinkulungwane zezibungu ziyaqhekeka ezinamaphiko okhalo alinganisiwe, amise okwemicu.
Ukufana nokwehluka nge-frogfish
Inhlanzi yamakhoba inokufana okuthile ne-monkfish, noma futhi inomehluko omkhulu. Zombili ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye futhi zinomzimba osebenza njengezithiyo zenyama yazo. Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu ukuthi i-frogfish ihlangana nemvelo ukuphazamisa inyamazane yazo futhi kubukeka sengathi bayizipanji zasolwandle. Ngomzimba wayo wokuheha uheha inyamazane futhi, njenge-monkfish, iyakwazi ukuvula umlomo wayo kakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukugwinya inyamazane enkulu kunayo. Ngenkathi i-monkfish iheha inyamazane ngokukhanya, i-frogfish kufanele icashe kubo ukuze ihlasele ngokuzumayo.
Isitho esisetshenziswa njengesithiyelo ukunwebeka komgogodla okubukeka njengesibungu noma inhlanzi encane. Ngalokhu ungadonsela inyamazana sengathi yinduku yokudoba. Umzimba wabo, ngokungafani ne-monkfish, umbozwe ngeziqu, okungahambi kahle, kanye nezinsumpa ezibavumela ukuthi baphazanyiswe ngeziponji, ama-sea squirts, ama-coral, ngisho namatshe.
Omunye umehluko i-toadfish ne-monkfish abanayo ubuthi. I-frogfish inoshevu wokuzivikela kwesinye isisulu, ngaphezu kokulingisa imvelo. IMonkfish iphambene: ifuna ukudonsela ukunaka kwesisulu ukuze ziye kuye.
I-Toadfish ayinabo ubudlelwano be-symbion nanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya noma ezinye izinhlobo. de peces.
I-Toadfish itholakala ku- izifunda ezishisayo nezifudumele zase-Atlantic nasePacific, e-Indian Ocean naseLwandle Olubomvu. Lezi zinhlobo azihlali ngokujula njengolwandle njenge monkfish.
Iziphi izinsongo i-monkfish enazo?
Ngisaphila ekujuleni kolwandle nangamamitha ayi-1.600 ukujula, i-monkfish isongelwa ngabantu. Yize ingenye yezinhlanzi ezimbi kakhulu emhlabeni, lokhu akuyona into eheha abantu, kepha ukunambitheka kwabo nokunambitheka kwabo. I-Monkfish ijwayelekile ezitsheni ezenziwe ngenyama yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezindaweni ezinjengeJapane neKorea zibhekwa njengesibiliboco okufanele sizanywe.
I-American monkfish (I-Lophius americanus) kanye ne-black-bellied monkfish ifakiwe ku-Greenpeace Red List of Fishery Species, ekhombisa izinhlanzi ezithengiswa emhlabeni wonke ezinamathuba amakhulu okuvela ezindaweni zokudoba ezingasimami. Ngaphezu kokudoba ngokweqile, ama-monkfish nawo asongelwa endaweni yawo yemvelo. Ngesikhathi somcimbi I-El Niño ukubhukuda phezulu futhi kamuva inani elikhulu libonakala lintanta de peces efile. Lokhu kungenxa yokushintshashintsha kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi. Njengamanje, ukudotshwa ngokweqile kwalezi zinhlanzi nemiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu okudala ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi kanye ne-acidification yolwandle, kusongela i-monkfish.
Ngalolu lwazi uzokwazi okwengeziwe ngalezi zinhlanzi okuthi, nakuba zimbi kakhulu ngaphandle, ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nokuphila ezindaweni ezinobutha kakhulu futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunambitheka kwazo kufunwa kakhulu emazweni amaningi lapho okumnandi ukunambitha inyama yabo.
Hawu, i-athikili emangalisayo!