Ezihlokweni ezedlule sikhulume ngakho Ushaka omhlophe njengesinye sezilwane ezinolaka kakhulu ezilwandle. Namuhla size ukukutshela enye ngoshaka. Kulokhu sizokhuluma ngakho inkunzi ushaka. Yize empeleni leli gama lingazwakali livame kakhulu, lingenye yoshaka abavame kakhulu abahlala ogwini nasolwandle lwaseLatin America. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Carcharhinus leucas.
Uma ufuna ukwazi zonke izici, ukondla, indawo yokuhlala nokuzala kabusha kwalo shaka, lokhu okuthunyelwe kwakho.
Izici eziyinhloko
Kunokubukwa okuningi kwalo shaka ezindaweni eziningi. Kulula kakhulu ukuhamba olwandle futhi ziningi impela. Ungahamba emanzini ahlanzekile futhi anosawoti kanye nemifula namachibi aseMelika Ephakathi nase-Amazon.
Umzimba wayo unezimpiko ezimbili ezinkulu zomgogodla nomsila omude onengqimba ende ende kanye nesikweletu sokuqala. Ungathola amakhophi we kuze kube cishe ngamamitha ayi-3,2 ubude. Ngokwesilinganiso abesilisa balinganisa amamitha ayi-2,1 nabesifazane amamitha angu-2,2. Ahlukahluka ngosayizi. Umbala wayo umpunga emzimbeni wonke, ngaphandle kwengxenye engenhla emhlophe.
Luhlobo lwasolwandle olunolaka futhi lubhekwa njengolunye lwezinhlobo zikashaka ezinkulu kakhulu. Isisindo sakho siyanyamalala phakathi kwama-90 no-200 kilograms. Ezisinda kakhulu zivame ukuba zinde. Yize abantu bekholelwa ukuthi ushaka omhlophe uyisilwane esiyingozi kakhulu olwandle, akulungile. I-bull shark ingaba sengozini enkulu yokuhlasela abantu.
Umzimba wayo uqine futhi ujiyile, unamaphiko amade impela. Uma zisencane zinamabala amnyama namabala abomvu ezinhlangothini. Ngokuqondene namazinyo (isici esibalulekile emhlabeni koshaka) sithola ubukhulu obukhulu kakhulu, bucijile futhi bude. Imihlathi iqine impela, yize amehlo ayo emancane kakhulu maqondana nomzimba wayo wonke.
Imvamisa ikhombisa umsebenzi omkhulu onolaka nokuziphatha okuhlaselayo. Lapho zihlasela, zikwenza ngokuzungeza inyamazane yazo kaninginingi. Bazoba kanjena baze bafeze inhloso yabo. Bajwayele ukuhlasela abantu, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu nabo.
Ukusatshalaliswa nendawo yokuhlala
I-bull shark itholakala eMfuleni i-Amazon eNingizimu Melika, iZambezi (yingakho ibizwa nangokuthi uZambezi shark) kanye neLimpopo e-Afrika, eLake Cocibolca eNicaragua naseGanges eNdiya.
Ngokuphathelene nendawo ezihlala kuyo, lezi zilwane zithanda ukuhambahamba izindawo lapho basondele khona emabhishi noma ogwini. Ngale ndlela, zingathola inani elikhulu lezilwane ezizondla ngazo. Laboshaka batholakala kuzo zonke izindawo ezisogwini emhlabeni wonke, hhayi eNingizimu Melika kuphela, kodwa nasePacific, Atlantic nase-Indian Ocean.
Ziyizilwane, ngokuvamile, ezijwayele ukuhlala endaweni efanayo kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube sekufeni. Kodwa-ke, kungaba njalo ukuthi bathutha amabanga amade. Ama-specimens abonwe ezindaweni zemifula namachibi lapho, afike khona, kuye kwadingeka bahambe amakhilomitha angaba ngu-3000 XNUMX ngenhla nomfula.
Ukudla kwe-Bull shark
I-bull shark izondla ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane. Unjalo ububanzi bawo ekudleni abakwaziyo ukudla abanye oshaka. SUkudla kwakho kudla ngokuphelele. Ziyingozi kubantu, ngoba indawo abazingela kuyo iseduze kakhulu nezindawo zokubhukuda.
Ikhono abanalo lokufaka amanzi ahlanzekile ngemuva kokuvela kasawoti kungenxa yendlala ekhethekile ezinso. Le ndlala ibavumela ukuthi baqukathe amanzi anosawoti emzimbeni wabo futhi baxoshe amanzi ahlanzekile. Lokhu kwezinye izinhlobo zoshaka kungaba yingozi. Amanzi ahlanzekile abangela ukuthi amaseli kashaka ahlala emanzini asolwandle aqhume futhi aholele ekufeni. Ngenxa yale ndlala, i-bull shark ingasondela ezindaweni zabantu.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Lo shaka waziwa njengesinye sezilwane esinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-testosterone ngenkathi yokukhwelana. Ungaba nayo le hormone kunendlovu yesilisa yase-Afrika. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana inyuka kakhulu, okuyenza isilwane sendawo ngokweqile.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-bull shark kufana ncamashi nezinye izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo. Kodwa-ke, inesici esihluke kakhulu kunaleso sezinye izinhlobo. Kungukuthi abesifazane banezibeletho ezimbili. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yi-intrauterine cannibalism.
Imibungu emincane ekhulayo ngaphakathi inekhono lokondla izingane zakwabo uma isimo singenawo umsoco. Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuvame ukuthatha izinyanga eziphakathi kwezingu-8 no-10. Lesi sikhathi siyadingeka ukuthi abasha bakhule kahle futhi bakwazi ukuzimela uma sebeshiyile umama.
Abesifazane banamandla okuzala abancane kuphela ngezikhathi zeminyaka emibili futhi emibili kuphela ngesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwa njengenhlobo enokukhiqiza okuhamba kancane.
Isigaba sosongo
Lezi zinhlobo azibhalwanga njengezisengozini yi-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Lapho besezindaweni eziseduze nabantu zisengozini enkulu ekuguqulweni kwezokudoba nezemvelo ezihlotshaniswa nokuguqulwa kwendawo. Ukwakhiwa kwedamu, ezolimo kanye nezimboni kungaba yimithwali emikhulu yemithelela ezinhlotsheni. Ukuguqulwa kwendawo yokuhlala engokwemvelo kungaba yisizathu salaba oshaka ukuthi babekwe njengengcupheni yokuSengozini.
Ngokwesiko, oshaka benkomo badotshwa ngenhloso yokuthengisa isikhumba sabo, inyama kanye namafutha wesibindi, yize namhlanje, amanothi e-IUCN, amaphiko abo kuyisidingo esikhulu semikhiqizo yalolu hlobo nezinye izinhlobo eziningi.
Ngalolu lwazi uzokwazi ukufunda okwengeziwe ngalezi oshaka ezibhekwa njengeziyingozi kakhulu kubantu.
R. Awu, uma uzokhuluma nge-bull shark, kungani izithombe zokuqala ezimbili ze-Galeocerdo cuvieri ne-Carcharhinus plumbeus?
Angazi ukuthi uyazi yini ukuthi isithombe osisebenzisile siyefana esishicilelwe kuso http://www.hablemosdepeces.com
Mhlawumbe kungezinye zalezo zithombe zamahhala noma bazikopishile noma uzithathele zona. Kuphinde kwaqondana nokuthi nobabili nenze iphutha ngokumphutha ngengwe.
Inezimpiko ezimbili ezinkulu zasemuva
A. Ayinazo amaphiko amakhulu emhlane, i-sailfish inawo.
Umbala wayo umpunga emzimbeni wonke, ngaphandle kwengxenye engenhla emhlophe.
A. Akusilo iqiniso, ngezansi kumhlophe
Kubhekwa phakathi kwezinhlobo ezinkulu zikashaka.
A. Akusilo iqiniso, banosayizi ojwayelekile phakathi koshaka.
Yize abantu bekholelwa ukuthi ushaka omhlophe uyisilwane esiyingozi kakhulu olwandle, akulungile. I-bull shark ingaba sengozini enkulu yokuhlasela abantu.
A. Okungalungile, zonke izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwemitha ubude zingahlasela indoda futhi zidale ukulimala okwesabekayo. Kodwa-ke, oshaka abakhulu kuphela abambalwa abafanelwa ngempela igama labantu abadla abantu. Ezinhlotsheni ezingaba ngamashumi amathathu kuye kwanqunywa ngqo ukuthi zihlasela umuntu, kepha eziyisishiyagalolunye kuphela zazo ezihlala zikudla. Ushaka omkhulu ongalinganisa u-11,3 m. ngobude, i-shortfin mako ekhombisa ukuhleleka kokufuna ukwazi ngezikebhe nezinye izikebhe ezincane ezihlasela, i-tiger shark ibhekwa njenge-anthropophagous eyingozi kakhulu ngemuva kwenhlanzi emhlophe. I-hammerhead shark kanye ne-blue shark attack ngaphandle kokucasulwa futhi iyayidla indoda.
Imvamisa ikhombisa umsebenzi omkhulu onolaka nokuziphatha okuhlaselayo.
R. Germán, lapho ethi: umsebenzi omkhulu onolaka, kunokuziphatha okuningi kokuhlasela, ngoba angamagama afanayo.
Lab 'oshaka batholakala kuzo zonke izindawo ezisogwini emhlabeni jikelele.
A. Okungalungile, olwandle i-Arctic kanye nase-Antarctic ababheki amakhala.
I-bull shark izondla ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane
A. Akulungile, akuboniswanga ukuthi kudla ama-coelenterates, ama-echinoderms, i-plankton, i-krill nezinye izilwane eziningi.
Amanzi ahlanzekile abangela ukuthi amaseli kashaka ahlala emanzini asolwandle aqhume futhi aholele ekufeni.
R. Iphutha, kwezinye izinhlanzi zifa ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi ngenxa ye-osmosis edalwa amanzi amasha ngokumelene nalena enosawoti.
Ukukhulelwa kwentsha kuvame ukuthatha izinyanga eziphakathi kwezingu-8 no-10.