Namuhla sihambela ulwandle olungenamkhawulo lapho sithola izinhlobo zasolwandle zihluke kakhulu kunalezo esinazo ngaphezulu. Lawa mafomu angumphumela wezinqubo zokuzivumelanisa nokujula ngoba izimo zakhona zehlukile. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingavamile kukhona, siyathola inhlanzi ye-lantern. Le yinhlanzi yezinkanyezi yalesi sihloko futhi ngiyakuqinisekisa ukuthi uzomangala impela lapho ufunda ngayo. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Centrophryne spinulosa futhi ihlala ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-4.000.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi zonke izimfihlo mayelana ne-lanternfish? Funda futhi ufunde ngakho.
Indawo ye-Abyssal
Izinhlanzi ezisolwandle zinezici ezahlukahlukene ngoba kudingeka zivumelane nezimo ezintsha zemvelo. Phakathi kwazo ukungabi khona kwelanga, ingcindezi ephezulu yasemkhathini, ukungabikho kwezitshalo zasolwandle ezinjenge-algae, njll. Zonke lezi zimo ezingezinhle zenza izinhlobo ezihlala kulolulwandle zithambekele ekuthuthukiseni izitho ezibavumela ukuthi bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono futhi baphile.
Indawo lapho kuhlala khona i-lanternfish yaziwa njengendawo ye-abyssopelagic. Yindawo yolwandle engaphezulu kwamamitha ayi-4.000 ukujula futhi ivelele ukungabi khona kwelanga. Imvelo ibanda impela futhi ingcindezi ye-hydrostatic yeqise kakhulu. Lapho kungekho izakhamzimba, i-lanternfish ithuthukise izitho eziningana zokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi abantu bafinyelele kule ndawo ukwenza izifundo ezifanele ezinikezwe izimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Izici eziyinhloko
Inhlanzi ye-lantern inayo isilinganiso samasentimitha angama-23 ubude. Ikhanda lalo likhulu impela kanti nemihlathi nayo inkulu njengekhanda. Inamazinyo azacile futhi abuye abuye akwazi ukubamba kahle isisulu sayo. Ine-dimorphism yezocansi, ngakho-ke kulula ukubona owesilisa nowesifazane.
Umbala wabo wesikhumba uphenduka ubomvu uye komnyama futhi banezinhlaka eziningi ezincane. Isithasiselo siseduze nesifonyo futhi saziwa njenge-Illicium. Banentshebe ye-hyoid ebasiza ukuba bahlukaniswe kalula nezinye izinhlobo.
Ngokuphathelene nenyama yayo, iyamanzi impela. Ngokuba namanzi amaningi esikhumbeni, amathambo alula impela futhi zimbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwe-calcium carbonate.
Indawo yokuhlala nokudla
Ukuze uthole lolu hlobo kufanele uye kulo iPacific Ocean isuka eBaja California iye eningizimu yeMarquesas Islands naseGulf of California. Iphinde yathunjwa emanzini aseNew Guinea, oSouth China Sea, eVenezuela naseMozambique Channel. Lokhu kwenza i-lanternfish ibe nobubanzi obuningi emanzini asezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele.
Izinhlanzi ezifundwe babanjwe ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-650 ngonyaka ka-2000. Njengoba inebanga elijule kangako, le nhlanzi ibonakale kuphela iphila cishe izikhathi ezingama-25 selokhu yatholakala.
Ngokuqondene nokudla kwayo, kudla ngokuphelele. Thanda i-sunfish Ziphila ngokudla izinhlanzi ezincane ezitholakala endaweni efanayo. Bangochwepheshe beqiniso emhlabeni wokuzingela. Baheha inyamazane ngesijobelelo sesici eqanjwe ngaso. Lapho isisulu sisondela, zivula imilomo yazo emikhulu ukuze zibagqume ngokuphelele.
Ziyakwazi ukubamba inyamazane kabili ubukhulu bayo umlomo unwebeka kangaka. Ayigcini nje ngokuba nezici ezinwebekayo emlonyeni ukuze ikwazi ukugwinya izinhlobo eziphindwe kabili kunosayizi wayo, kepha futhi inesisu esisinekayo.
Ukuzala
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuzala, le nhlanzi inelukuluku lokwazi. Owesifazane une-ovary eyodwa kuphela eqondaniswe nokuqagela okuningi kwe-epithelium. Lokhu kuqagela kufana ne-villi. Ukufuna ukwazi nakakhulu, owesilisa uba uhlobo lwesinambuzane lapho ekhwelana nowesifazane. Eyesilisa kufanele ihlale isikhathi eside ifuna eyensikazi uma kubhekwa izimo zemvelo ezitholakala kuzo.
Ubumnyama, ukungabi bikho kwezakhamzimba kanye nempilo enzima yezindawo zalasha kusho ukuthi, lapho owesilisa ehlangana nowesifazane wakhe, basebenzisa ukukhubazeka kwabo kocansi. Imayelana nokuhlanganiswa kowesilisa nowesifazane ngokubandakanywa kwamazinyo. Ukuze kuvezwe isidoda esivumela ukukhuleliswa kwamaqanda kwabancane, owesilisa uphuza igazi lowesifazane ngenkathi emkhubaza ngamazinyo akhe.
Ngokuya ngezimo ezimbi lapho i-lanternfish ihlala khona, ukuthwebula lezi zinhlobo kuba yinto eyinkimbinkimbi ngempela kubantu. Zingu-25 kuphela izibonelo esezithathiwe selokhu kwatholakala lolu hlobo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuyinhlobo esedume kakhulu ngezici zayo ezikhethekile. Kuyathenjwa ukuthi abantu bangathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obukwazi ukutadisha kahle imibhede yasolwandle olujulile ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nendawo yokuhlala nokuziphatha kwalezi zinhlobo ngaphandle kokulimaza imvelo yasolwandle.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi i-lanternfish ihlobene kakhulu namabhaktheriya e-fluorescent, kodwa kunezinhlobo eziningi. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhanya okuncane, bangaxazulula ngandlela thile ukungabi khona kokukhanya endaweni yalasha. La mabhaktheriya enza izingxenye ezithile zomzimba zikhanye futhi zisebenze ukuze izinhlanzi zikwazi ukunyakaza futhi zondle. Kuyabasiza nokuthi babone phakathi kwamalungu ezinhlobo ezifanayo ukubona ukuthi ukukhwelana nokuzala kungenzeka yini.
Ilukuluku lwenhlanzi ye-lantern
Yize ihlala ezinzulwini, le nhlanzi iyathinteka kubantu. Kuvamile kakhulu ezitsheni ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba ngokunambitheka kwawo okumnandi. Ukubanjwa kwayo kungenzeka ngenxa yemiphumela yomkhuba we I-El Niño. Kuyinto eguquguqukayo emazingeni okushisa kwamanzi okwenza ukuba i-lanternfish ife futhi ivele ebusweni bentanta.
Kuyathinteka futhi ngokufakwa kwe-asidi olwandle okubanga ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungazazi kangcono izinhlanzi ze-lantern kanye nama-curiosities ayo amakhulu.
Wow iyathakazelisa kakhulu, siyethemba ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu akukuthinti ukujula kolwandle ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zingaba yingcebo yolwazi olumayelana nolwandle, kufanele silinde ubuchwepheshe bokuhamba ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1000 olwandle.
Ugesi okhiqizwa yilo leli thoshi uhlobene kanjani, yini inqubo yokusebenza kwe-flashlight, kungani ikhiqizwa?