Kuzindatshana ezedlule sibonile ngokujulile ukuthi ulwelwe obomvu. Namuhla sikulethela esinye isihloko esihlobene naso. Kulokhu sizokhuluma ngakho ulwelwe oluhlaza. Isici sabo esikhethekile ukuthi bane-chlorophyll yabo bobabili i-ao no-b. Leli qiniso yilo elenza ulwelwe oluhlaza lube nalombala. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-7.000 zama-algae aluhlaza emhlabeni jikelele. Zisatshalaliswa phakathi kolwandle, amanzi angenasawoti noma okwasemhlabeni, yize iningi lawo kungamanzi ahlanzekile.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ngokujulile zonke izici nendlela yokuphila ye-algae eluhlaza? Qhubeka ufunde futhi uzofunda konke 🙂
Izici eziyinhloko
Ulwelwe oluhlaza, njengazo zonke izinto ezine-chlorophyll, sBayakwazi ukukhiqiza amandla ukuze baphile nge-photosynthesis. Into edingekayo yokuphila ukukhanya kwelanga. Njengoba singacabanga, ulwelwe lwasolwandle lunaleliqiniso eliyinkimbinkimbi, ngoba imisebe yelanga incipha ngokujula.
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi kunciphisa inani lokukhanya kwelanga elingena emvelweni yasolwandle futhi, ngakho-ke, ulwelwe oluhlaza alukwazi ukwenza ifotosynthesize futhi life. Lolu hlobo lwe-algae lungahlala cishe kunoma iyiphi imvelo ngoba inamandla amakhulu okusinda. Iqiniso lokuthi i-10% kuphela yalo lonke ulwelwe oluhlaza emhlabeni olwandle lusondelene nekhono labo lokusebenzisa i-photosynthesize kanye nesidingo sabo samahora elanga.
Lapho siya olwandle, singathola izinhlobo eziningi ze-algae eluhlaza. Njengoba siya ngokujula, sibona kancane kancane njengoba ukukhanya kwelanga kuncipha. Yize singathola ulwelwe oluthile lumisiwe emanzini noma ulwelwe olunosayizi omncane kakhulu, iningi lazo lisezansi kolwandle.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-algae kungaba kokubili ezocansi kanye ne-asexual. Uma kukhulunywa ngokuzihlaziya, singahlukanisa iziqu, amaqabunga nezimpande njengesitshalo esiphakeme.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-algae eluhlaza
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ulwelwe lungazala ngokweqile ngokuqhekeka nangokobulili ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Sizohlaziya ngayinye yazo:
- I-Hologamy: luhlobo lokukhiqiza olubonwa kuphela ku-algae unicellular. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kuqukethe ukuthi yonke i-alga uqobo isebenza njenge-gamete futhi ihlangana nenye i-gamete.
- Ukuhlangana: luhlobo lokukhiqiza olwenzeka kuphela ku-algae oluluhlobo lwe-filamentous. Kuyo, olunye ulwelwe lwenza njengabesilisa kanti olunye luthanda njengabesifazane. Ngale ndlela, bayakwazi ukujoyina imicu futhi bakhe amashubhu ezinyunyana lapho okuqukethwe kokuzala kudlula khona. Lapho inqubo isiqediwe, kwakheka i-zygospore njengomphumela. Kuyisidlakela esihlala sicashile kuze kube yilapho izimo zemvelo zilungele ukuhluma kwayo lapho zakha khona intambo entsha.
- Iplanethi: Luhlobo lokukhiqiza kabusha lapho ama-gametes eselula enza khona. Womabili lama-gametes aqukethe i-flagella evumela ukuthi bahambe futhi baphinde bazalane.
- Oogamy: Iyafana neyangaphambilini, kepha kulokhu sithola ukuthi i-gamete yesifazane ayinyakazi. Njengoba ingenayo i-flagella, ayikwazi ukunyakaza futhi idinga ukukhiqizwa kwangaphandle.
Ulwelwe Filamentous
Ubulembu obuyintandokazi bunentshisekelo emphakathini, njengoba iningi lazo lisetshenziswa kuma-aquariums. Zombili zinama-chlorophyll a no-b nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezingulube ezifana ne-carotenes nama-xanthophylls. Sikuthola ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinamanzi angenasawoti, yize kungabonakala nasezindaweni zasolwandle. Lokhu kwenza kube isitshalo esinemisebenzi ehlukahlukene ukusebenzisa i-aquarium yakho.
Zibizwa ngokuthi ulwelwe olubucayi ngoba lunamaseli abunjwe njengemicu ehlanganisiwe efana nezinwele. Kwamanye ama-aquariums kukhona ukwakheka kohlobo lwama-algae aluhlaza aluhlaza olungathandeki neze (olufana nokhula ezingadini zezithelo) futhi olubizwa ngeCladophora. Ungazibona kalula njengoba zibukeka njengeqembu lemicu eluhlaza okomnyama futhi zikhula zigxilile kuma-substrates noma ezinye izitshalo ezizungezile.
Ubulembu obuyintambo budinga ukukhanya okuningi nezakhamzimba ukuze zikhule kahle. Badinga inani elikhulu lama-nitrate nama-phosphates aqukethe amanzi. Uma ufuna ukuqinisekisa isimo esihle nokukhula kwama-algae aluhlaza ku-aquarium yakho, qiniseka ukuthi anenani elifanele lalezi zimaminerali.
Lawa ma-algae nawo angaba inkathazo uma kukhona izakhamzimba ezingaphezulu. Kungalimaza amanzi ngenqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-eutrophication yamanzi. Ukukhula okuyihaba ngenxa yokweqisa komsoco emanzini okuholela ekwehlisweni kwesibani sokukhanya esifinyelela phansi ngenxa ye-algae eyeqile. Lapho zifa, ziqala ukubola zenze indawo ebolile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-eutrophication yamanzi.
Izimbangela zokuthi kungani zivela ku-aquarium yakho
Ungaba nedamu futhi kusuka osukwini olulodwa kuya kolwelwesi oluhlaza olulandelayo kuzoqala ukwanda. Lesi simo singenxa yezimbangela ezahlukene. Enye yezinto eziyinhloko ukungalingani phakathi kwenani le-nitrate ne-phosphate emanzini. Ngokuvamile, kukhona ama-nitrate amaningi kunama-phosphates. Ukungabi namanani afanele kwenza la ma-algae akhule ezindaweni zasemanzini. Ukugwema lesi simo kufanele silawule kahle amazinga ezitshalo esizibeka echibini.
Enye inkinga edala ukukhula okungafuneki kwe-algae eluhlaza yile ukuhlunga okuncane noma umthwalo webhayolojiuku. Lesi simo senzeka lapho Izihlungi awanawo amandla okugcina amanzi esesimweni esihle. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-aquarium ayinamandla okwanele okuhlunga inani elikhulu lamanzi noma ivolumu enkulu kakhulu noma ngoba ivinjwe / yonakele. Ukubheka lesi sici, kufanele nje sibheke amandla adingekayo okufanele asebenze kuwo. Kufanele wazi ukuthi lapho ufaka isihlungi emanzini, amandla ancipha ngo-40%. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthenga isihlungi esinamandla aphezulu.
Uma i-aquarium inokukhanya kwelanga okuthe xaxa noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokungabikho kokukhanyisa, kungahle kube yimo yokukhula okungafuneki. Inani lokukhanya elingenayo kufanele lilinganiswe kahle futhi libe nobulungiswa futhi liyadingeka.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi lawa macebiso akusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi nge-algae eluhlaza.