Nhasi tinouya nechinyorwa chakasiyana neicho chatakajaira icho chiri chehove. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo gungwa otter. Mhuka iyi chipuka chine zita resainzi Emhydra lutris uye inozivikanwa kwazvo pasi rese. Iyo ndeya mhuri ye mustelidae uye inogara mumakungwa. Mune ino post iwe unozogona kuziva ese hunhu, kufudza uye kubereka kwemhuka iyi.
Iwe unoda kudzidza zvakawanda nezve gungwa otter? Ramba uchiverenga.
Mhando huru
Gungwa otter nderimwe remhuka dzakatemwa kwazvo kunze uko nekuda kwehukuru hwaro uye nemvere. Maziso avo madiki anoita kuti vaonekwe sekuti vanotarisa nechiso chisina mhosva chinozadza vese vanozvitarisa nekunamata. Vanhurume vakuru kudarika vanhukadzi, kunyange hazvo vanazvo avhareji yehurefu hwemamita 1,2 kusvika 1,5. Ivo vanowanzo kurema pakati pe22 ne45 kilograms, kunyangwe vakadzi vachirema zvishoma zvishoma (ingangoita pakati pe14 ne33 kilograms).
Mafupa ayo anoshanduka-shanduka saka inogona kutora panakidza chaizvo. Makumbo ayo akapetwa kuti akwanise kushambira zvakanaka uye akaita kunge fini. Nzara dzacho dzakafanana nedzekatsi, iyo inofambisa mamwe mabasa sekushambidzika uye kubata zviri nani chayabata. Mboro yakanyanyisa musuru uye ivo vanozvida chaizvo kuti vabatanidze mafambiro aari kushambira nawo. Izvo zvakare zvinovabatsira kuti varambe vakaenzana zvakanaka.
Vakuru vane mazino makumi matatu nemaviri akapetwa uye akapoteredzwa mamohara akagadzirirwa kukuya pane kutema. Sechinhu chakakosha chinotibatsira, morphologically, kupatsanura otter kubva kune zvimwe zvinodya nyama ndeyekuti inongova nema incisors maviri ezasi pane matatu.
Kana iri yehuswa hwayo, ganda harisi rakakora sezvinoitika kune dzimwe mhuka dzemumvura. Ganda gobvu rinoshandira kudzikamisa kutonhora kwemvura uye kugona kudzora tembiricha yemukati zvakanaka pasina nharaunda yekunze inopindira zvakanyanya. Kusiyana navo, otter yegungwa inovimba nehuto hwayo kuti izvidzivirire kubva kumatonhora anotonhora. Uye ndezvekuti ivo vane anopfuura makumi mashanu ezviuru zvevhudzi muhukuru hushoma hwakadai hwavanotora. Ivo vari mukati chinyorwa chechipfuwo chine vhudzi rakawanda.
Yakakosha curiosities yegungwa otter
Humwe hunhu hunoita kuti mhuka iyi ive yakasarudzika. Mazhinji eaya maficha ndeekushanduka-shanduka ane hukama nekuvandudzwa kwekufamba kwayo kuburikidza nemvura. Iko kushandiswa kukuru ndekwekuvandudza pfungwa dzako uye chenjera kuzvidzivirira kubva kungozi uye kurarama nekumwe kunyaradzwa.
Heano mamwe emamwe maficha.
- Ane kugona ku kukwanisa kuvhara mhino uye nzeve nzeve mumvura kunodzivirira kupinzwa kwayo mumuviri wako. Nenzira iyi, iwe unobvisa mamwe matambudziko ane hukama nazvo.
- Munwe wechishanu wenhengo yega yega wakareba kupfuura vamwe vese. Chokwadi ichi chine mukana uye chakaipa zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yauri. Kune rimwe divi, zvinobatsira kushambira zvirinani kana uri mumvura, asi kune rimwe divi, zvinodzikisira kufamba pasi uye zvinoita kuti zviwande.
- Muviri une kukurumidza kukuru uye, nekudaro, unogona kuyangarara nekureruka kwakanyanya. Mhepo inopinda muhuswa hwavo uye inoita kuti isanyanya kuoma. Aya ndiwo maitiro aunogona kuyangarara zviri nyore.
- Kutenda mapads ari pasi petsoka uye ndebvu dzinowedzera, inokwanisa kutsvaga nekubata mhuka yayo, kunyangwe mvura ichizunguzika kana kuti ine makore.
- Masayendisiti akaongorora mhuka idzi kakati wandei uye vakagumisa kuti pfungwa yekunhuhwidza yakakosha kupfuura kuona kuitira kuti vagare vakangwarira uye vachenjere vanogona kuzvidya.
Habitat nenzvimbo yekugovera
Iyo nharaunda iyo iyi mhando inonyanya kugoverwa iri munzvimbo yeNorth Pacific. Inotambanuka kubva kuchamhembe kweJapan kuenda kuBaja California kuMexico. Nzvimbo huru inzvimbo idzo nzvimbo dzemvura dzemumahombekombe dzakadzika. Kunyanya kunyanya nezve gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri emamita.
Pane dzinoverengeka nguva ivo vanogona kuonekwa vachishambira padyo nemahombekombe nekuda kwekuvapo kwenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa kubva kumhepo yakasimba yemakungwa. Munzvimbo idzi gungwa otter rinotora mukana wekuzorora uye kwete kurwisa mafungu.
Dzimwe nzvimbo dzekugara kwatinogona kudziwana dzakasvibira kelp masango, zvinhu zvine matombo, uye zvipingamupinyi zvemawere. Kuenderera mberi kuchamhembe vanomira kupararira nekuda kwekuvapo kwechando cheArctic.
Zvokudya
Nekuda kwekukurumidza kwayo metabolism, iyo otter yegungwa inoda chikafu kazhinji. Ivo vanofanirwa kunwisa zvinovaka muviri zvinovhara pakati pe25 ne40% yehuremu hwavo. Idzo nyama dzinodya nyama uye chikafu chadzo chikuru ndechezvipembenene zvemumvura zvakaita semhashu, hozhwa, hove dzegungwa uye dzimwe hove diki.
Kuti vadye zvekudya izvi vanofanirwa kuvhura matemba kana kushandisa matombo uye zvidimbu zvehuni kuvabatsira. Izvi zviito zvinoda hunyanzvi hwakawedzera uye kune izvo vane munwe wavo wakarebesa. Sezvo isingakwanise kugara ichidya chikafu chose chainowana, otter yegungwa yakagadzira hurongwa hwekuenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya kuti ichengete chikafu chayo woidya mushure.
Iyo homwe yavakagadzira yavo yakatambanudzwa uye yakasununguka ganda pane yavo thorax uko unogona kuchengeta chikafu chausingazodya panguva ino uye kuti inowanikwa ichienderera mberi ichishambira kana kunyudzwa. Kamwe homwe yake painoguta kana nenzara, anoshandisa huta hwake kuumburuka, kuyangarara kumusana kwake, uye kuzvinakidza iye pachikafu chose chakachengetwa.
Kuberekerwa
Iyo yegungwa otter ine mudiki mukati megore rose, kunyange ivo vanowanzoitika mumwedzi waMay naJune apo tembiricha dzinonyanya kunakidza uye kune chikafu chakawanda. Nguva yekubata yevechidiki inowanzo kutora pakati pemwedzi mina nemakumi maviri. Uyu musiyano wakakura unokonzerwa nekuti iyo ine kunonoka kudyara. Izvi ndezvekuti mukadzi ane mukana wekuti chando chezai chaakasimbisa chibvumidze kuti chikure kana mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza ave akanaka pakubereka kwacho.
Aya maitiro akanaka ekupona mukutarisana nemamiriro ezvinhu akashata ezvakatipoteredza.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu iwe uchazoziva iyo otter yegungwa zvirinani.