Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezidumile emhlabeni wonke. Igama lesayensi i-Amphiprion ocellaris, sizokwazi i-clown fish. Waziwa kalula ngemivimbo yakhe emhlophe newolintshi nangokuba kwifilimu ye- «Ufuna uNemo".
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke mayelana nale nhlanzi?
Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nezimpawu ze-clownfish
I-clownfish ingeka-oda le-Perciformes, umndeni wePomacentridae kanye nomndeni omncane i-Amphiprioninae. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi i- Inhlanzi ye-Anemone. Leli gama lesibili kungenxa yokuthi, ukuze liphile ezindaweni zemvelo, lidinga ukusebenzisana nama-anemone.
Kutholakele kuze kube manje izinhlobo ezingama-30 ezihlukene ze-clownfish futhi zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zomndeni wakwaPomacentridae zibizwa ngokuthi i-Anemone Fish ngenxa yesifo sayo se-syciosis.
Lezi zinhlanzi zinobude be- phakathi kwamasentimitha angama-10 kuya kwangama-18. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Akuzona zonke izinhlanzi zama-clown ezinombala ofanayo namaqembu afanayo ashintshanayo ewolintshi nomhlophe, kepha kunemibala eminingi enjengamathoni aphuzi, abomvu, abomvana futhi amnyama kakhulu.
Umbala wale nhlanzi uhlukaniswe imivimbo emithathu eqala ekhanda. Unqenqema lwamaphiko imvamisa lumnyama.
Ngokukhula eceleni kwama-anemone futhi basebenze ndawonye ukuze baphile, i-clownfish ithuthukise isikhumba esinamaseli ahlabayo ambozwe ungqimba lwamafinyila. Unyawo lolu luyabasiza ukuthi bavikeleke kubuthi be-anemone.
Isikhathi sokuphila esimweni semvelo singakwazi ube phakathi kweminyaka engu-5 no-10 ubudala.
Indawo yokuhlala nokudla
Ububanzi bemvelo be-clownfish buse- IPacific kanye ne-Indian Ocean. Iphinde itholakale e-Australia Great Barrier Reef naseLwandle Olubomvu. Imvamisa zisakazeke zizungeze lezi zindawo, ngoba azidingi ukujula okuningi futhi zibheka izixhobo zamakhorali ezingejule kakhulu nalapho kutholakala khona ama-anemone.
I-Clownfish ibheka ama-anemone ngoba azakhele yonke imvelo ubudlelwano bokuvumelana. Lokho kungukuthi, ubuhlobo obulinganiselayo lapho lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zinqoba khona. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-clownfish esihlangana nayo, banokukhetha okukodwa noma okunye kwezinhlobo eziningana ze-anemone ikakhulukazi.
Lezi zinhlanzi ziyahlomula ngenxa yethende lama-anemone, ngoba kuhle kakhulu ukuthi zizivikele futhi zisinde. Izindwangu ze-anemones zinobuthi futhi, njengoba sezenze i-mucosa ebavikelayo kubuthi babo, abathinteki. Ukubonga ama-anemone ngokuvikelwa kwawo, i-clownfish iphethe ukudla ama-parasites, ulwelwe olungayilimaza kanye nezinsalela ezingasala ezintenteni zalo ngemuva kokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udoti wendle we-clownfish ucabanga ukuthi kunomthelela owengeziwe wezakhamzimba ze-anemone.
Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngamafinyila avikela i-clownfish ekuthintekeni yisihlungu se-anemone, kepha kuyaziwa ukuthi enye yezimpawu zayo ezinkulu ukuthi ayinayo into eyenza isenzo se-nematocysts senziwa.
Lokhu akuhlali kunjalo. Njengoba zizalwa futhi zikhula, zihlakulela i-mucosa futhi zivikeleke kubuthi be-anemone futhi zijwayele indawo. Futhi, ukuze ubudlelwano busungulwe, inhlanzi kufanele ibhukude ngobumnene i-anemone njengomdanso, ukuze i-anemone ijwayele futhi ingazami ukuluma ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukondliwa kwalezi zinhlanzi kuyadla omnivorous. Badla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla zazo zonke izinhlobo njengokuncane ama-mollusks, ulwelwe, i-zooplankton nama-crustaceans. Njengoba ingavikelekile kubuthi bama-anemone, ama-clownfish amaningi adla izingcezu ze-tentacle ezichithwa kuma-anemone.
Ukuziphatha
I-clownfish iyindawo futhi inolaka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngezinga elikhulu iyakwazi ukuvikela i-anemone ebudlelwaneni bokuvumelana. Emphakathini, i-clownfish ihlala ebukhosini lapho owesifazane omkhulu futhi onolaka kakhulu eyinduna. Uma owesifazane ovelele efa, owesilisa omkhulu ungena esikhundleni sakhe ngokushintsha ubulili.
Lezi zinhlanzi zinomfazi oyedwa, ngakho-ke ukuphela kokuzala yizinkunzi nezinsikazi ezivelele. Lapho owesilisa eshintsha ubulili abe ngowesifazane ngoba owesifazane uyafa, owesilisa wesibili ngobukhulu uba ngumkhiqizi omusha.
Ukuzala
I-clownfish i-oviparous, okungukuthi, izalwa ngamaqanda. Ukufakwa komanyolo phakathi kowesifazane ovelele nowesilisa omkhulu kwenzeka ngaphandle. Bobabili badedela ama-gametes abo endaweni lapho kukhulelwa khona.
Ukuzala kusengozini kakhulu emazingeni okushisa. Uma izinga lokushisa kwamanzi likhuphuka, aqala ukuzala. Njengoba ziyizinhlanzi ezivela emanzini ashisayo futhi zingaphansi noma ngaphansi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu unyaka wonke, ziyazala unyaka wonke.
Ngaphambi kokuqala isenzo sokukhulelwa, owesilisa uyahlanza futhi alungise indawo eseduze ne-anemone ukuze owesifazane akwazi ukufaka amaqanda kamuva. Lapho insikazi izalela amaqanda, owesilisa unesibopho sokufafaza isidoda sakhe kuzo ukuze usivundise. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokufukamela, owesilisa ubhekene nokuphefumula amaqanda ngokushaya amaphiko aseduzane nawo ukudala imisinga. Uma iqanda lingekho esimweni esihle, owesilisa uyalikhipha. Ukuyivikela ngesikhathi sokufukamela, inhlanzi yesilisa iba nolaka kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umhlaseli.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhambisana
Uma sifuna ukuba ne-clownfish ku-aquarium yethu kuzodingeka sihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile zokunakekelwa okufanele kwendawo okuhlala kuyo. Lezi zinhlanzi badinga amalitha angama-75 amanzi ngesifanekiso ngasinye ukuze uphile kahle futhi amanzi, ayizinhlanzi ezidabuka ezindaweni ezishisayo, kufanele agcinwe phakathi kwamazinga okushisa angama-24 no-27.
Ngokuqondene nomhlobiso we-aquarium, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlanzi ngayinye ibe ne-anemone yayo ukuze ikwazi ukuhlala nayo. Njengoba zinolaka futhi ziyindawo ezolwela ezinye izinhlanzi ngenxa ye-anemone yazo. Kubalulekile ukubeka okusanhlamvu kwamakhorali, njengoba i-clownfish ijwayele ukuhlala ezixhotsheni zamakhorali.
Khumbula ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zisendaweni enkulu kakhulu futhi ngeke zizwane nezinye izinhlanzi zohlobo olufanayo. Akunconyelwa ukuthi ube nezinhlanzi eziningana ze-clown ngaphandle kokuthi unama-aquariums angama-300 no-500 amalitha amanzi, lapho angabeka khona isigaba sabaphathi.
I-Clown fish ibhukuda kancane kakhulu, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukuyibeka nezinye izinhlanzi ezidla inyama futhi inkulu kunabo. Okufanelekile ukukubeka ngezinhlobo ezihlobene kakhulu nazo njenge AmaDamsels, izintombi, izingelosi, amaGobies, amaBlennies, amaSurgeonfish, kanye neGramma Loretos.
Izifo namanani entengo
I-Clownfish ingahlushwa izifo ezifana nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezifana isifo sofuba, ama-cysts, izibungu, i-velvet, indawo emhlophe nezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ukuvimbela izinhlanzi zethu ukuthi zingaguli, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sigcine i-aquarium ihlanzekile, sishintshe futhi sihlanze izihlungi, sigcine izinga lokushisa kahle, sihlanze izinsalela ze-algae futhi uma kukhona inhlanzi efa isuse ngokushesha. Kungakuhle ukuthi ube ne-aquarium yasesibhedlela lapho inhlanzi ikhombisa khona isifo, uyisuse uyelaphe lapho.
Ngokuqondene namanani, ayahluka ngokuya ngombala. Ungabathola phakathi kuka-16 no-26 euros ikhophi.
Manje wazi okuthile okwengeziwe ngalezi zinhlanzi eziyigugu nokuthi ungazigcina kanjani ziphilile ethangini lakho lezinhlanzi.