I-Sunfish

Ezilwandle sithola izigidi zezinhlobo. Ezinye zinhle kakhulu, ezinye zaziwa kangcono kanti ezinye ziyivelakancane. Umuntu ubheka izinhlanzi esizokhuluma ngazo namuhla njengezinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu. Imayelana ne-sunfish.

Yinhlanzi esinda kunazo zonke emhlabeni futhi inomzimba othanda ukwazi. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-sunfish?

Izici kanye nencazelo

I-sunfish yaziwa nangokuthi yi-mola mola fish. Kungokwe-oda le- AmaTetraodontiformes nomndeni UMolidae.

Lolu hlobo luvela olwandle olushisayo oluseduze ne-equator kodwa lubonakala luvame kakhulu eningizimu yeNgilandi phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, into abantu abaningi abathi ishubile lomhlaba kanye nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Ngamafuphi, umzimba we-sunfish uyinhloko enkulu enamaphiko. Iyakwazi ukukala kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-3,3 ubude nesisindo esiphezulu sama-2300 kilograms, yize ivame ukuba phakathi kwama-247 kanye no-2000 kg.

Isikhumba sabo simbozwe ungqimba lwamafinyila okuthungwa kwawo kufana nesandpaper. Uwugqinsi impela futhi awunazo izikali. Umbala wayo ungahluka ngemibala ehlukene engwevu, nsundu kanye nesiliva mpunga. Imvamisa zinesisu esimhlophe kanti ezinye zazo zingaba namabala amhlophe, zombili emaphikweni asemaceleni nasemuva.

Uma siyiqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo de peces, i-sunfish ayinayo i-vertebrae eminingi futhi ayinayo imizwa, amaphiko okhalweni, nesinye sokubhukuda. Ngakho-ke, le nhlanzi iyinhlobo engavamile kakhulu, i-morphology yayo ehlukile kokuvamile. Amaphiko emhlane nangendunu made kanti owe-pectoral useduze kwelomhlane.

Enye ingxenye enelukuluku yokuthi le nhlanzi inokuthi esikhundleni somsila unomsila owusebenzisayo kube sengathi uyipulangwe futhi osuka emaphethelweni angemuva we-dorsal fin uye emaphethelweni angemuva we-anal fin. Umlomo wayo ugcwele amazinyo amancane afakwe esimweni somlomo.

Akwaziwa ukuthi i-sunfish iphila isikhathi esingakanani. Okwaziwayo wukuthi ekuthunjweni zingahlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi isikhathi sabo sokuphila endle mhlawumbe sifushane, kunikezwe izinsongo kanye nesidingo sokufuna ukudla. Ekuthunjweni banethuba lokuthi abanazo izidumbu futhi banokudla okufanele futhi okulungile, kanye nokunakekelwa kwezilwane uma kunesidingo.

Indawo yokuhlala nokusatshalaliswa

I-sunfish itholakala emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, izindawo lapho abantu babo baningi khona zisezindaweni ezipholile nezishisayo zoLwandle i-Atlantic, iPacific Ocean, i-Indian Ocean kanye nolwandle iMedithera.

Kulezi zindawo, indawo yazo yokuhlala ihambelana nezixhobo zamakhorali ezijulile nemibhede ye-algae olwandle oluvulekile.

Ukuziphatha nokondla

I-sunfish iyodwa futhi inokuziphatha okufuna ukwazi; futhi ukuthi uthanda ukushiswa yilanga. Ukwenza lokhu, ikhuphukela phezulu futhi, ngale ndlela, ikwazi ukulawula ukushisa kwayo ngemuva kokubhukuda emanzini abandayo. Ishiya amaphiko ayo eveziwe ukuze azikhulule kuma-parasites futhi kwesinye isikhathi aze agxume ebusweni ngenhloso efanayo. Futhi bayakwazi ukuqeda ama-parasites ngosizo lwenye i-sunfish.

Kusukela inhlanzi enkulu kangaka ayinazo izidumbu eziningi, Ungabhukuda ngokukhululeka futhi ungakhathali olwandle ngaphandle kokucabanga ukuthi ungaba nezitha eziseduze. Lapho abatshuzi behlangana ne-sunfish, ayinalo ulaka futhi ayicwiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinhlanzi, zihlaselwe ilukuluku, zilandela abatshuzi. Ngakho-ke kungabhekwa njengenhlanzi ethambile nenobungane.

Ehlobo nasentwasahlobo, lezi zinhlanzi zifudukela ezindaweni eziphakeme ukuze ziyofuna ukudla. Idla kakhulu i-jellyfish kanye ne-zooplankton, nakuba iphinde idle ama-crustaceans, i-salpa, i-algae kanye nezibungu. de peces. Njengoba lokhu kudla kungenazo izakhamzimba eziningi, i-sunfish kufanele idle ukudla okuningi ukwazi ukugcina ubukhulu nosayizi womzimba.

Ukuzala

Yize kungekho lwazi oluningi mayelana nokuzala kwe-sunfish, abesifazane bakholelwa ukuthi bazala olwandle iSargasso phakathi nenyanga ka-Agasti no-Okthoba. Lapho zizala, ziyakwazi beka amaqanda ayizigidi ezingama-300 13 millimeter. La maqanda avundiswa uma esemanzini.

Okwaziwayo ukuthi yizinhlobo ezivundile kakhulu zama-vertebrate. Lapho amaqanda echanyuselwa, kuvela gazinga izinkanyezi ze-ninja, njengoba imiqolo yayo ibonakala kakhulu maqondana nawo wonke umzimba.

Izinsongo

I-Sunfish ayinazo izidalwa zemvelo eziningi kakhulu, ngenxa yesikhumba sazo esijiyile esikwazi ukuvimba izinhlobo zasolwandle ekuzihlaseleni. Kodwa-ke, bavame ukuhlaselwa oshaka, imikhomo ebulalayo, namabhubesi olwandle. Izinhlanzi ezincane zivame ukuhlaselwa kaningi yi-bluefin tuna. Njengoba bengenayo i-morphology yokubasiza ukuthi bazivikele, noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuthi, i-sunfish izobhukuda indawo ejulile lapho abanye de peces Abalokothi babaleke.

Isongo esingokoqobo sithathwa ngabantu, ngengozi ngesikhathi sokudoba, nasekuzingeleni kwabo ngamabomu ukuhweba isikhumba sabo.

Ungayidla i-sunfish?

ISunfish ayinakuthengiswa e-European Union, ngoba kuyicala ukuyibamba nokuyithenga. Kuyinto yezinhlobo ezivikelwe. Kodwa-ke, emazweni ase-Asia athanda IJapan, China neTaiwan zithathwa njengesibiliboco. Lokhu kudla kuholele ekutheni inani lalezi zinhlanzi lehliswe kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo yaseJapan nase China, ngoba, ngaphandle kokubanjwa kwalo ngenhloso, liphinde libanjwe ngengozi ngomkhumbi.

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) iqinisekisa ukuthi izikebhe zokudoba ezizobamba izinhlobo ezivumelekile, njenge -fishfish, zigcina sezinamanetha azo ama-sunfish amaningi kunezinhlobo eziqondiwe.

Le yinhlanzi egcwele izifiso ezifanele ukuzibona.