URamirezi

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngohlobo lwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium yethu evela eNingizimu Melika, eColombia naseVenezuela. Imayelana ne- Inhlanzi kaRamirez's Dwarf Cichlid (UPapiliochromis Ramirezi o I-Microgeophagus ramirezi).

Lezi zinhlanzi ziyabukisa futhi zinemibala yize zingaba nezinkinga ezithile zokuziphatha ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlanzi onazo e-aquarium. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke mayelana nalezi zinhlanzi ze-aquarium yakho?

Idatha yeRamirezi

Lezi zinhlanzi zingezokuhleleka kwama-perciformes nomndeni we-cichlid. Le nhlanzi inamakhono amancane okubhukuda uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlanzi. Ziyindawo impela, kodwa abanalo udlame.

Ngokuphathelene nokubukeka kwayo, kuyinhlanzi eyenziwe kahle futhi enombala omkhulu futhi inezinhlamvu eziningi phakathi kwamalungu ezinhlobo ezifanayo. Kuyinhlanzi ebucayi ngokweqile ekushintsheni kwamakhemikhali emanzini (njengokungcola). Lokhu kwenza ukugcinwa kwezinhlanzi kube yinkimbinkimbi ngandlela thile, ngoba izinga lamanzi ahlala kuwo kumele libhekwe ngokucophelela futhi kaningi. Impilo yale nhlanzi imfishane: imvamisa ihlala iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengu-3 kuphela.

Izici ze-Ramizeri

Umzimba we-ramizeri uphuzi ngemivimbo ethile emile emnyama noma nsundu. Amanye anamabala emzimbeni wawo wonke futhi anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isici esisodwa esibahlukanisa kokunye ukuthi banomugqa omnyama omile owela iso. Inhlanzi icishe ibe ngu-7,5 cm ubude.

Umgogodla walezi zinhlanzi uphakeme ekuqaleni nasekupheleni, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi. Lapho i-fin ifinyelela ekugcineni ithatha isimo se-plume nabamnyama abathathu bokuqala. I-dimorphism yezocansi ayichazwa kahle ku UPapiliochromis Ramirezi, ayinkulu njengakwamanye ama-cichlids amancane. Ngokuvamile abesifazane I-Microgeophagus Ramirezi mancane kunamaduna futhi anesisu esibomvana.

Akuzona zonke izinhlanzi ze-ramirezi ezinombala ofanayo. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene lapho sithola khona ezisagolide, ama-albino, ezinye zinamaphiko anezimo ezihlukile, yize okuhlukahlukene kakhulu kunazo zonke kungokwasendle.

Ukuziphatha nokuhambisana

Lezi zinhlanzi, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ziyindawo impela, yize zinokuthula. Ngokufanelekile, gcina amapheya emanzini amancane futhi uwahlanganise nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Yize ziyindawo, azilethi ulaka, kepha zivame ukugcinwa endaweni yabo yokukhosela, bathathe ukuhamba okungajwayelekile engxenyeni engezansi naphakathi ye-aquarium. Imvamisa azikhuphukeli phezulu, ngaphandle kwalapho zondla.

Isikhathi lapho beziphatha ngendlela engaphezulu lapho kulapho sebebancane khona, njengama-cichlid amaningi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, esinye sezici ezikwenza kukhetheke ukuthi ngaphakathi komndeni we-cichlid, ungomunye wabantu abaphila isikhathi eside. Zihlala iminyaka emibili noma emithathu kuphela. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho bethengwa esitolo, sebenonyaka okungenani owodwa ubudala, ngakho-ke ubude bezinhlanzi e-aquarium bufushane.

Ukuhlukanisa abesilisa nabesifazane kumele sikuqaphele ukuthi abesifazane zivamise ukuba ncanyana kunabesilisa futhi zinomzimba oyindilinga ngaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebe yokuqala ye-dorsal fin yinde emadodeni.

Indawo yemvelo kaRamizeri

Lezi zinhlanzi zivela ku ICentral Orinoco phakathi kweColombia neVenezuela. Kule mifula kuvame ukuba nezitshalo eziningi nezindawo ezinomthunzi ngobunye obutholakala ezindaweni lapho kunesikhala sokubhukuda khona. Uma sifuna ukuba nabo e-aquarium, kufanele siyilungiselele ngezingodo namatshe ayivumela ukuthi imake insimu abasetshenziswa kuyo endle.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zizwela kakhulu ekushintsheni kokushisa nokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali emanzini. Ngakho-ke uma amazinga okushisa e-aquarium aguquka noma eqala ukungcoliswa ukwehluleka kwesihlungi noma izinto zangaphandle, lezi zinhlanzi zizoqala ukulimala.

Izidingo e-aquarium

Ukuze lezi zinhlanzi zikwazi ukuhlala ezimeni ezanele, umthamo wamanzi cishe Amalitha angama-40 ngebhangqa ngalinye. Njengoba abesilisa benolaka kakhulu kunabesifazane futhi behlukanisa indawo enkulu, umthamo wamanzi onjalo uyadingeka. Ukuze abesifazane bazizwe bevikelwe kakhudlwana, kufanele kubekelwe indawo yokucasha kwabesifazane ngamunye endaweni ngayinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindawo zokucasha zisebenza kahle kakhulu uma zisatshalaliswa kuyo yonke i-aquarium.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezi zinhlanzi zizwela kakhulu ekugxileni kwe-nitrate emvelweni futhi azikwazi ukuhlala nokugxila kwe-10mg / l. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuthi sikunake uma sinezitshalo zemvelo e-aquarium futhi sifuna ukuzikhokha.

Lapho lezi zibhangili sezakhiwe, zizovikela indawo ngokubambisana, ngakho owesilisa ngeke aziphathe njengolaka.

Kungakuhle ukubeka insimu eminyene ngasemaphethelweni, nezitshalo eziphansi ezindaweni ezinamanzi maphakathi ne-aquarium, emihumeni nasezindaweni zokucasha ezakhiwe ngamatshe, izingodo nezimpande.

Ukuzala

I-Ramirezi yizinhlanzi ezi-monogamous, okungukuthi, zihlangana nowesifazane oyedwa futhi zihlala ndawonye naye, futhi ngokufanayo. Ukuzala kuyafana nokwamanye ama-cichlids. Siqukethe ukuhlukaniswa kwemingcele yensimu evikelwa yilaba bobabili (owesilisa uhlala enza ngendlela enolaka futhi ezama ukuvikela umhlaba omningi). Bazoba nodlame kuphela lapho enye inhlanzi isondela kakhulu endaweni yakho. Ngaphakathi kwendawo abayinqume, babeka indawo ekahle yokubeka amaqanda. Ukuze benze lokhu, balungisa indawo ngokubeka itshe eliyisicaba, iqoqo lamatshe, noma bambe umgodi ukuze kube nohlalu lokuvikela amaqanda. Indawo ezobekwa kuyohlanzwa ngokucophelela, ngemuva kwalokho owesifazane azofaka imigqa yamaqanda okunamathela lapho owesilisa ezovundisa khona manjalo. Yize ukuzalanisa kungenzeka e-aquarium yomphakathi, ithangi elithile liyathandwa. Ukuphoqa ukuzalanisa kufanele sibeke i- Ph ngezansi kwe-7 cishe nge-6,5, amanani ongawahlola ngefayela le- imitha yekhwalithi yamanzi we-aquarium.

Umthamo wamanzi odingwa yileli tangi kuma-hatchlings nabashadikazi cishe amalitha angama-50. Indawo ekahle yokunakekelwa kwentsha izolungiswa futhi yonke enye i-aquarium izoshiywa mahhala ukubhukuda. Ukushisa kwamanzi kuzoba ngu-26 ° - 27 ° C. Bobabili abazali banakekela ukubekwa, kepha kunengozi yokuthi bazoshwabadela amaqanda, futhi njengoba ukunakekelwa kwabazali kungabalulekile empumelelweni yokuzala, bangasuswa uma befiswa.

Insikazi ingafaka amaqanda aphakathi kwama-300 nama-400, yize kungebona bonke abazalwayo noma abasindayo. Uma amaqanda esezelwe, athatha cishe izinsuku ezi-4 ukuthi achanyuselwe. Ezinsukwini eziyi-8, i-yolk sac reabsorption yenzeka futhi izinhlanzi zingondliwa nge-brine shrimp nauplii. Njengoba i-fry iqala ukondla, bayozimela ngokwengeziwe kuze kube yilapho abazali beyeka ukubanakekela, ngalesi sikhathi kungenzeka ukuthi bakulungele ukuzala okusha.

Njengoba gazinga likhula, banganikezwa okunye ukudla okufana nezibungu zomiyane ezibomvu ezichotshoziwe, okunye okuhlanganisiwe nokudla okuyimpuphu. Lgazinga likhula kancane, ngoba impilo yayo imfushane futhi cishe ingxenye yesithathu yayo iyathosa.

Ukuze gazinga likhule kangcono futhi lisesimweni esihle, amanzi kufanele angabi nama-nitrites nama-nitrate. Futhi, ukuzenza zikhule ngokushesha, zingondliwa kaningi, kepha ngaphansi. Abesilisa bakhula ngokushesha kunabesifazane, ikakhulukazi ngoba nabo bafinyelela usayizi omkhulu wabantu abadala.

Umehluko phakathi kobulili

Abesilisa banombala oqine kakhulu kunabesifazane kanye nosayizi omkhulu. Ingaba lesibili le-dorsal fin livame ukuba lide kakhulu kwabesilisa. Abesifazane bavame ukuhlukaniswa nge- ububomvu besisu nokuba nomzimba oyindilinga ngaphezulu (Phakathi kwezibonelo ezincane kunzima ukuhlukanisa). Ngaphambi kokuzala owesifazane ubonwa yi-ovipositor emfushane.

Ukudla namanani entengo

Ukuze kudliwe akudingeki ukuthi kube nzima kakhulu, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zidla cishe yonke into. Ungayinika izikali, iqandisiwe, ukudla bukhoma ... Ukudla okuhlukahlukene abakudlayo kuzoba nomthelela ekukhuleni kwabo, entuthukweni nasekuziphatheni kwabo.

Intengo yayo yokuthenga ezitolo icishe ibe ngama-euro ayisithupha. Uma incane futhi inemibala eminingi, intengo izokwenyuka. I-ramirezi yegolide zibiza ama-euro angama-50, kepha njengoba ungaba nomlingani oyedwa, akubizi kakhulu.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, lezi zinhlanzi zikhetheke kakhulu futhi ziyingqayizivele ukuthenga ku-aquarium yethu. Kunezinto ezahlukahlukene okufanele zibhekwe njengezinga lokushisa kwe-aquarium, izici zamakhemikhali zamanzi (gwema ukungcoliswa, hlanza izihlungi ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi usebenzise izinhlanzi ezihlanzekile), kanye nobubanzi balezi zinhlanzi. Uma bezizwa besongelwa noma ezinye izinhlanzi ezinokuthula nobungane zisondela endaweni yabo enendawo noma lapho zibekwa khona, bazobahlasela.

Kuzo zonke izici, lezi zinhlanzi ezinemibala nezinokuthula zilungele i-aquarium yethu futhi ziyinike ukuthinta okumibalabala nokuhlukile.