Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeentlobo zeentlanzi ezaziwayo kunye nezaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela. Igama lesayensi i-Amphiprion ocellaris, siya kuyazi I-clown fish. Uyaziwa ngokulula ngemivimbo yakhe emhlophe kunye neorenji nokuba kwifilimu ye «Ukujonga uNememo«.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi yonke into malunga nale ntlanzi?
Ukwahlulahlula kunye neempawu zeclownfish
I-clownfish ye-odolo yePerciformes, usapho lwePomacentridae kunye ne-subfamily Amphiprioninae. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi Intlanzi yeAnemone. Eli gama lesibini libangelwa yinto yokuba, ukuze uphile kwimeko yendalo, kufuneka usebenze kunye ne-anemones.
Kufunyenwe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iintlobo ezingama-30 ezahlukeneyo zeclownfish kwaye zonke iintlobo zezosapho lwePomacentridae zibizwa ngokuba yi-Anemone Fish ngenxa yesifo sokudibana.
Ezi ntlanzi zinobude be phakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-18 yeesentimitha. Amabhinqa makhulu kunamadoda. Ayizizo zonke iintlanzi ezihlekisayo ezinombala ofanayo kunye neebhendi ezifanayo ezitshintshanayo kwiorenji namhlophe, kodwa kukho imibala emininzi enjengethoni ebomvu, ebomvu, epinki kunye neetoni ezimnyama.
Umbala wale ntlanzi wahlulwe wayimigca emithathu eqala entloko. Umda wamaphiko uhlala umnyama.
Ngokukhula ecaleni kwee-anemones kunye nokusebenza kunye ukuze baphile, i-clownfish ivelise ulusu olunamajoni ahlabayo agqunywe ngumaleko wencindi. Unyawo luyabakhusela kwityhefu ye-anemone.
Ixesha lokuphila kwimeko yendalo linakho ube phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ubudala.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nokutya
Uluhlu lwendalo lwe-clownfish lukwi IPasifiki kunye noLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya. Iyafumaneka nakwi-Great Barrier Reef yase-Australia nakuLwandle Olubomvu. Zihlala zisasazekile kule mimandla, kuba azidingi bunzulu kwaye zijonga iingqaqa zekorale ezingekho nzulu kwaye apho zifumaneka khona iianemone.
I-Clownfish ikhangela ii-anemones kuba zizinzile ngokwazo kwindaleko ubudlelwane bemvisiswano. Oko kukuthi, ubudlelwane beempawu apho ezi ntlobo zimbini ziphumelelayo. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lweentlanzi esidibana nazo, banokhetho olunye okanye olunye kwiintlobo ezininzi ze-anemone.
Ezi ntlanzi ziyaxhamla kwiintente ze-anemones, kuba kubalulekile ukuba zikhuseleke kwaye zisinde. Iintambo ze-anemones zinetyhefu kwaye, emva kokuba ziphuhlise isifo se-mucosa esibakhusela kwityhefu yabo, abachaphazeleki. Ukubulela ii-anemones ngokukhusela kwabo, i-clownfish iphethe ukutya i-parasites ezinokwenzeka, ulwelwe olunokuyenzakalisa kunye nentsalela enokuthi ihlale kwintente emva kokutyisa. Ukongeza, inkunkuma ye-clownfish icinga ukuba yongeze igalelo kwi-anemone.
Akukho nto ingako iyaziwayo malunga ne-mucus ekhusela i-clownfish ekuchaphazelweni yityhefu ye-anemone, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba enye yeempawu zayo eziphambili kukuba ayinanto iyenzayo inyathelo leematocysts libangelwa.
Oku akusoloko kunjalo. Njengokuba bezalwa kwaye bekhula, bahlakulela i-mucosa kwaye babe nomzimba kwiityhefu ze-anemone kwaye baziqhelanise nomhlaba. Kwakhona, ukuze ubudlelwane bube nokusekwa, iintlanzi kufuneka ziqubhe ngobunono ngaphaya kwe-anemone njengomdaniso, ukuze i-anemone iqhelane nayo kwaye ingazami ukuhlaba ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukutyiswa kwezi ntlanzi kuyitya yonke into. Batya iintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya kuzo zonke iintlobo ezincinci iimollusks, i-algae, i-zooplankton kunye ne-crustaceans. Ukuba ukhuselekile kwityhefu ye-anemones, uninzi lwe-clownfish lutya iziqwenga zeentente ezichithwe kwii-anemones.
Ukuziphatha
I-clownfish inendawo enkulu kwaye inochuku. Ke ngoko, ubukhulu becala iyakwazi ukukhusela i-anemone kubudlelwane bobuhlanga. Kuluntu, i-clownfish ihlala kwindawo enegunya apho oyena mfazi mkhulu kunye noburhalarhume eyintloko. Ukuba owasetyhini obalaseleyo ubhubhile, indoda enkulu ithatha indawo yakhe ngokutshintsha isini.
Ezi ntlanzi zineqabane elinye, kungoko ekuphela kwento evelisayo zizezona zibalaseleyo kwindoda nakwimazi. Xa indoda itshintsha isini ibe sesibhinqileyo kuba imazi iyafa, eyesibini ngobukhulu iyasebenza njengomvelisi omtsha.
Ukuveliswa kwakhona
I-clownfish yi-oviparous, oko kukuthi, izalwa ngamaqanda. Ukuchumisa phakathi komfazi obalaseleyo kunye nendoda enkulu kwenzeka ngaphandle. Zombini zikhulula ii-gametes zazo kwindalo esingqongileyo apho ukuchumisa kwenzeka khona.
Ukuzalisa kusesichengeni kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu. Ukuba amaqondo obushushu amanzi anyuka, aqala ukuvelisa kwakhona. Njengoko ziyintlanzi ezisuka emanzini ashushu kwaye zingaphezulu okanye zingaphantsi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu unyaka wonke, ziyazala unyaka wonke.
Phambi kokuqala kwesichumiso, inkunzi iyacoca kwaye ilungise indawo ekufuphi ne-anemone ukuze imazi ibeke amaqanda kamva. Xa imazi izalela amaqanda, eyindoda inoxanduva lokutshiza imbewu yobudoda kubo ukuze ichume. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufukama, indoda inoxanduva lokufaka ioksijini kumaqanda ngokubetha amaphiko akufutshane nawo ukwenza imisinga. Ukuba iqanda alikho kwimeko entle, inkunzi iyalisusa. Ukuyikhusela ngexesha lokufukama, intlanzi eyindoda iba ndlongondlongo kakhulu ngokuchasene nomhlaseli.
Unonophelo kunye nokuhambelana
Ukuba sifuna ukuba ne-clownfish kwi-aquarium yethu kuya kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zolondolozo olufanelekileyo lwendawo yokuhlala. Ezi ntlanzi badinga iilitha ezingama-75 zamanzi kwisizekelo ngasinye Ukuhlala kakuhle kwaye amanzi, njengeentlanzi ezinemvelaphi yetropiki, kufuneka agcinwe phakathi kwama-24 nama-27 amaqondo obushushu.
Ngokuphathelele ukuhonjiswa kwe-aquarium, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba intlanzi nganye ibe ne-anemone yayo ukuze ikwazi ukuhlala nayo. Ukuba ndlongondlongo kunye nomhlaba baya kulwa nezinye iintlanzi kwi-anemone yabo. Kubalulekile ukubeka iinkozo zekorale, kuba i-clownfish ihlala ihlala kwiingqaqa zekorale.
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ezi ntlanzi zinendawo enkulu kwaye aziyi kuvana nezinye iintlanzi zohlobo olunye. Akucetyiswa ukuba ube neentlanzi ezininzi zeklown ngaphandle kokuba une-aquariums ezingama-300 kunye nama-500 eelitha zamanzi, apho banokuseka ulawulo oluphezulu.
I-Clown fish idada ngokucotha kakhulu, ke ayicetyiswa ukuyibeka kunye nezinye iintlanzi ezidla inyama kwaye inkulu kunazo. Umgangatho ofanelekileyo kukuwabeka kunye neentlobo ezinxulumene kakhulu nazo njenge AmaDamsels, iiNtombi, iiNgelosi, iiGobies, iiBlennies, iSurgeonfish, kunye neGramma Loretos.
Izifo kunye namaxabiso
IClownfish inokuba nesifo ngenxa yeentlanzi zolwandle ezifana isifo sephepha, amaqhakuva, iintshulube, velvet, nebala elimhlophe nezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
Ukuthintela iintlanzi zethu ekuguleni, kufuneka sihlale sigcina i-aquarium icocekile, sitshintshe kwaye sicoca izihluzo, sigcine iqondo lobushushu ngokuchanekileyo, sicoce iintsalela ze-algae kwaye ukuba nayiphi na intlanzi iyafa yususe kwangoko. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ube ne-aquarium yasesibhedlele xa intlanzi ibonisa isifo, isuse kwaye inyange apho.
Ngokubhekisele kumaxabiso, ayahluka ngokuxhomekeka kumbala. Ungazifumana phakathi kwe-16 kunye ne-26 euro ikopi.
Ngoku uyazi enye into ngezi ntlanzi zixabisekileyo kunye nendlela yokuzigcina ziphilile kwitanki lakho leentlanzi.