Izwe loshaka lijabulisa ngokuphelele. Babhekwa njengezidalwa zasolwandle ngokwenza kahle. Abanye oshaka baziwa kakhulu futhi bayesatshwa kunabanye, njenge ushaka omhlopheoo inkunzi ushaka, ngenxa yobudlova bayo obukhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngakho ushaka whale. Luhlobo lwe-orectolobiform elasmobranch elingelomndeni wakwaRhincodontidae. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Rhincodon typus futhi ibhekwa njengenhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-whale shark? Lapha sikutshela konke mayelana nezici zayo nendlela yokuphila.
Izici eziyinhloko
Emvelweni kunezikhathi lapho igama elijwayelekile lezinye izinhlobo kungenxa yokufana kwalo nesinye isilwane noma into. Sithola izinhlobo ezithile ezifana ne- inhlanzi yengwenya futhi i inhlanzi yezembe, womabili aqanjwa ngokufana kwawo nengwenya kanye nesarha, ngokulandelana. Kulungile-ke i-whale shark ibizwa ngegama layo ngokufana kwayo nalesi silwane esincelisayo esikhulu. Hhayi kuphela ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, kodwa ngenxa yezici zayo kanye ne-morphology.
Inosayizi omkhulu wamamitha ayi-12 ubude. Ihlala emanzini asezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele. Yize kungaziwa ngokuqinisekile, kucatshangwa ukuthi uphile emhlabeni wethu iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-60, ngakho-ke kuyinhlobo eye yajwayela izindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi yavela kakhulu.
Isisu salaba shaka simhlophe qwa, njengaleso somkhomo. Unomhlane ompunga. Kumnyama ukudlula oshaka abaningi futhi inenqwaba yamabala amhlophe noma aphuzi kanye nolayini oqondile nobheke phezulu. Kunabantu abafana nalolu hlobo lwe-morphology nemininingwane ku-chessboard. Kwezinye izindawo yaziwa nangokuthi inhlanzi ye-chess, yize leli gama lisetshenziswe kancane. Kulula ukubalwa kwabantu be-whale shark kunikezwe ukuthi abacacelwe ngenxa yobukhulu nokuklanywa kwabo.
Kungaba amasentimitha ayi-10 ubukhulu esikhunjeni. Umzimba unezici ze-hydrodynamic futhi ikhanda lawo libanzi futhi liyisicaba. Izinhlangothi zinamehlo amancane lapho zinemikhawulo khona. Inomlomo omkhulu wokugwinya isisulu sayo ngokukhululeka okukhulu. Iyakwazi ukukala amamitha ayi-1,5 evulekile. Lokhu kuvumela i-whale shark ukuthi igwinye uphawu ngokubhukuda ibheke eceleni futhi inamazinyo amaningi ahlelwe ngemigqa.
Indawo yokuhlala i-Whale shark
Lo shaka uhlala emanzini olwandle olufudumele. Ihlala isatshalaliswa eduze kwezindawo ezishisayo. Ngokwezifundo ezithile, kucatshangwa ukuthi yizinhlanzi ze-pelagic, ngakho-ke bachitha cishe isikhathi esiphezulu sempilo yabo ngaphezulu. Ngezinye izikhathi zonyaka bathuthela ezindaweni ezisogwini lapho bangaxwayiswa khona.
Kubonakele ezindaweni ezinjenge INingaloo Reef eNtshonalanga Australia, iBatang ePhilippines, i-Utila eHonduras, eYucatán kanye neziqhingi zasePemba naseZanzibar zaseTanzania. Kuvamile ukuyithola ngasogwini lolwandle, kodwa nasogwini kanye naseziqhingini zamakhorali nasezindaweni ezithile zemilambo nemifula yazo.
Kuthiwa akuyona inhlobo ehlala ezinzulwini ngoba imvamisa igcinwa ekujuleni okuphezulu okungamamitha ayi-700. Endabeni yobubanzi, ihlala phakathi kwama-30 no -30 degrees. Imvamisa iba nempilo eyedwa, yize itholakala kwezinye izikhathi yenza amaqembu okuzondla ezindaweni ezinkulu ngokudla okuningi.
Phakathi kwalaba oshaka, abesilisa banamathuba amaningi okuhamba phakathi kwamasayithi ahlukene, kuyilapho abesifazane besamile. Imvamisa zitholakala ezindaweni eziqonde kakhulu bese kuthi abesilisa ezindaweni ezihluke kakhulu.
Ukudla
Esinye isizathu sibizwa ngokuthi whale shark kungenxa yendlela ezondla ngayo. Ngaphandle kokucabanga kwakho lapho uzwa igama likashaka, akuyona ingozi kubantu nakancane. Uma sikhuluma ngoshaka, into yokuqala oyicabangayo ukuthi yizinhlobo ezingasidabula zisihlukanise kabili lapho sibonana nje. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ayisiyongo kubantu.
Futhi lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zondla ngendlela yokuhlunga amanzi, njengemikhomo. Kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbili zikashaka ezingakwenza lokhu, njenge-broadmouth shark kanye ne-basking shark. Zondla kakhulu ulwelwe, i-krill, i-phytoplankton ne-nekton akhona emanzini.
Njengoba ezinye izinhlobo zitholakala ziphequlula emanzini, awukwazi ukukhetha njalo lapho uhlunga amanzi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iphinde idle amanye ama-crustaceans afana nezibungu ze-crab, ezivela ezikoleni ezincane de peces, ama-sardine, i-mackerel, i-tuna ne-squid.
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, amazinyo anawo mancane, ngoba awadingi cishe noma yini. Okwenzayo ukondla ukuncela inani elikhulu lamanzi futhi lapho uvala umlomo wawo, Ihlunga ukudla ngamakhekhe ayo e-gill futhi ixoshe amanzi angenalutho lokudla.
Ekuziphatheni kwabo nabantu kungashiwo ukuthi bathandana kakhulu futhi bayadlala nabatshuzi. Kuneminye imibiko eqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona oshaka be-whale abeza phezulu ukuze abatshuzi baklwebhe isisu bese besusa ezinye izimuncagazi. Ababhukudi nabatshuzi bangabhukuda ngomoya ophansi eceleni kwalo shaki ngaphandle kokwesaba. Ungathatha ukushaya okungahlosiwe ngokuhlikiza umsila.
Ukuzala
Yize kube nzima ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuzala yayo, ngemuva kwezifundo eziningana kusuka ku-1910 kuya ku-1996, kwafundwa lokho abesifazane ba-ovoviviparous. Amachwane aqanduselwa eqandeni elingaphakathi konina. Lapho sebeqedile ukukhula, umama ubazala besaphila. Yizingane ezincane kakhulu ezisanda kuzalwa. Zilinganisa kuphela u-40 no-60 cm ubude.
Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo ngama-specimens amancane njengoba engabonakali. Ayikho futhi imibiko ye-morphometric yokwazi kabanzi ngokuthuthuka kwayo nokwazi izinga lokukhula kwayo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi eminyakeni yabo engama-30 futhi izimpilo zabo zingahlala eminyakeni eyi-100.
Ngiyethemba lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukwazi okuningi nge-whale shark.