Inā waiwai ke kūlohelohe i kekahi mea, aia ia i loko o ka nui o nā meaola āpau e awa ai. Noho nā ʻano launa ʻole i ka loa a me ka laulā o ko mākou honua a me nā kaiaolaola ʻokoʻa. Inā mākou e kia i ka iʻa, ʻaʻole e emi ana ka mea. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano iʻa, i waena o ia kahi hui kūʻokoʻa: iʻa cartilaginous.
He ʻano ʻē paha i ka nui o kēia o nā iʻa cartilaginous. ʻAʻohe mea i mamao aʻe mai ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. Ma kēia ʻatikala e hoʻāʻo mākou e hoʻokokoke aku iā ʻoe i kēia ʻano holoholona a ʻike nui ʻoe e pili ana iā lākou.
ʻO
He aha nā iʻa cartilaginous?
ʻO ka iʻa Cartilaginous ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e i iwi iwi i hana ʻia i ka cartilage ma kahi o ka iwi. No laila kona inoa. No kēia ʻohana nā hana e like me ka manō a i ʻole nā kukuna.
Hoʻohui ʻia, kāhea pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano iʻa kamalei, ʻoiai kona inoa ʻepekema ʻo ʻO Chondrichthyes.
Origen
Kuhi ʻia nā iʻa Cartilaginous e ʻike mua ma ka Honua i kēia wā ʻO Devonian luna. Manaʻo ʻia ua hauʻoli kēia mau iʻa i ʻelua mau manawa nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana. ʻO ka mua o kēia mau mea i ke kakahiaka Permian a ʻo ka lua, ʻo ka mea nui loa, ma ka waena o ka Cretaceous.
ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau o ka iʻa cartilaginous
Loaʻa i kēia mau iʻa he mau ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa loa, kahi e hoihoi ai iā lākou nā mea hoihoi maoli.
ʻO ka mea mua o lākou, a ʻo ka mea paha e ʻumeʻume i ka nānā nui, ke hōʻike nei lākou notochord i ko lākou wā ʻōpio. A ... he aha ka notochord? ʻĀ, he ʻano kaula ia a nā holoholona o ka ʻohana chordate ma ke kua a hana ia i iwi kuamoʻo. E hāʻawi kēia notochord i ke oʻo ʻana o kēlā me kēia, e hāʻawi ana i kahi cartilage maoli, ʻo ia ka mea e hana maoli i ka iwi iwi.
Maʻa mākou i ka ʻike ʻana i ka iʻa i loaʻa i kahi hiʻona hiʻona e hōʻike he pālahalaha ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻĀ, i nā iʻa cartilaginous i kū i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai kēia mau mea pālahalaha ʻia ma ke kua a me ka ʻōpū. ʻO kekahi o nā kumu o kēia ʻano ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o nā iwi ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ke ʻano like. No kēia kumu hoʻi, inā haʻalele kēia iʻa i ke kaiaolaola wai i make lākou i kahi manawa pōkole loa mai ke kaupaona o ko lākou kino e hoʻolilo iā lākou e "hāneʻe", haki a luku i kā lākou mea i loko.
Uhi ʻia ko lākou kino i nā unahi i kapa ʻia kahua niho dermal. He pālua kā kēia mau unahi: ka pale a me ka hydrodynamic. Inā pā mākou i kahi iʻa cartilaginous hiki iā mākou ke ʻike he palupalu kona ʻili inā pāheʻe mākou i ko mākou lima i hoʻokahi ala, akā hoʻohuli ʻia kēia hanana inā mākou e hana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Maopopo ke kumu o kēia: aia kēia mau unahi liʻiliʻi a pau i ke ʻano like a me ke ala like.
E like me ka pinepine me nā iʻa āpau, hanu i loko o kēia ʻano holoholona i loko o nā gills, ka mea i pale ʻole ʻia e kekahi mea kūikawā, kahi mea e hana maʻamau i ka nui o nā iʻa iwi.
ʻO kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka iʻa cartilaginous ʻo ia kēlā ʻaʻohe ou ʻau ʻauʻau (Organ i ke ʻano o ka ʻeke membranous i loaʻa ma lalo o ka iwi kuamoo o ka iʻa, e hoʻopihapiha nei me ke kinoea, e paipai ana i ka buoyancy). He aha ka hana? ʻĀ, koi ʻia lākou e ʻauʻau a hana mau i mea e lana ai i ka wai.
Loaʻa i kekahi o lākou i kahi ʻokana loea i kapa ʻia laina ʻaoʻao, he mea pono loa no lākou e hiki ai ke hopu i nā haʻalulu. Hoʻonui nui ʻia ke ʻano o ka pilau i kēia mau iʻa, ka ʻokoʻa o ka mea e hana me ka ʻike o ka maka.
ʻAi
ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi i nā iʻa cartilaginous i kahi kiko kikoʻī i ka kaulahao meaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau holoholona he holoholona kino a me nā mea ʻimi holoholona nui hoʻi. ʻOiai ʻoi aku kekahi e makemake i ka papaʻai e pili ana i nā mea kanu, plankton, etc.
Hoʻopili
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i kēia ʻano holoholona he ʻanoʻano moekolohe a dioecious, ʻo ia hoʻi he kāne a kāne a me nā wahine a mākou. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia kaʻina hana kope iā lākou mai ka iʻa iʻa, ʻoiai ka hana ʻana o ka momona i loko o chondrichthyans. Kāhea ʻia ke koʻo copulate o nā kāne paʻipaʻi.
Hiki i nā keiki i nā iʻa cartilaginous he ʻekolu mau ʻano: oviparous, ovoviviparous a me viviparous, pili i ka laha ponoʻī. I ka hihia o nā iʻa cartilaginous oviparous, nui ka nui o nā hua.
ʻAʻohe o lākou nui i nā ʻōpio i kēlā me kēia pōʻaiapuni, a ʻaʻole ia he mau mākua pale nui lākou, me kekahi mau hoʻokoe.
Hōʻuluʻulu
I ka wā e pili ana i ka iʻa cartilaginous, pono mākou e ʻike ma loko o kēia papa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ʻelua subtypes ʻokoʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia. Ma ka lima hoʻokahi mākou i ka ʻO Slamiobranchs, a ma kekahi ka ʻO Holocephalos. Ma ka huli, ma loko o kā lākou iho ʻO Slamiobranchs hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o ka Nā Selacimorphs a me ka Kahua.
ʻO ka Selacimorphs ka mea a mākou e ʻike maʻamau he manō a manō. ʻO lākou ka mea like me ka iʻa iwi. Nānā nā bastoids i nā holoholona a mākou e kuhikuhi ai he mantas, nā kukuna, nā kukuna uila, a me nā sawfish.
No nā Holocephalos, a me ka mea minamina, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua pau ka hapa nui o lākou. I kēia manawa ʻike wale mākou i kahi hui liʻiliʻi o lākou, i kapa ʻia ʻO Chimeras. Me ke kānalua ʻole, he iʻa kikoʻī loa lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kino, kahi e kū ai ke poʻo i waho i waho i ke kino, me kahi boa i ke ʻano o ka puʻupuʻu e kau ana ma ka ʻōpū.
E like me nā manō, lawe pū nā chimeras i kekahi mau mea like i ka iʻa bony, me ke ʻano o ka operculum. Noho mau lākou ma lalo o ke kai a me ka moana, kahi e hānai ai lākou i nā mollusks a me nā holoholona invertebrate liʻiliʻi.
Lana koʻu manaʻo me kēia ʻatikala ua hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maikaʻi i nā iʻa cartilaginous, a me kā lākou loina, ko lākou ʻano, etc. E like me kāu i ʻike ai, ʻaʻole lākou he mau mea ʻano ʻē a ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi o ka ʻoi aku o ka mea i ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou.
E lilo i mea mua e wehewehe